Impact of Retinopathy and Systemic Vascular Comorbidities on All-Cause Mortality
PurposeTo assess the impact of retinopathy and systemic vascular comorbidities on the all-cause mortality in a representative U.S. sample.MethodsA total of 5703 participants (≥40 years old) from the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:b4161130d4de4dfcbd7e582927caa5222021-11-18T09:46:17ZImpact of Retinopathy and Systemic Vascular Comorbidities on All-Cause Mortality1664-239210.3389/fendo.2021.750017https://doaj.org/article/b4161130d4de4dfcbd7e582927caa5222021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.750017/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-2392PurposeTo assess the impact of retinopathy and systemic vascular comorbidities on the all-cause mortality in a representative U.S. sample.MethodsA total of 5703 participants (≥40 years old) from the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grading scale was used to evaluate the retinopathy status. Systemic vascular comorbidities included diabetes mellitus (DM), high blood pressure (HBP), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Time to death was calculated as the time from baseline to either the date of death or censoring (December 31st, 2015), whichever came first. Risks of mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models after adjusting for confounders and vascular comorbidities.ResultsAfter a median follow-up of 8.33 years (IQR: 7.50-9.67 years), there were 949 (11.8%) deaths from all causes. After adjusting for confounders, the presence of retinopathy predicted higher all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR), 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08-1.83). The all-cause mortality among participants with both retinopathy and systemic vascular comorbidities including DM (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.21-2.43), HBP (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.03-2.10), CKD (HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.26-2.39) and CVD (HR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.21-3.04) was significantly higher than that among those without either condition. When stratified by diabetic or hypertension status, the co-occurrence of retinopathy and CKD or CVD further increased the all-cause mortality compared to those without either condition.ConclusionsThe co-occurrence of retinopathy and systemic vascular conditions predicted a further increase in the risk of mortality. More extensive vascular risk factor assessment and management are needed to detect the burden of vascular pathologies and improve long-term survival in individuals with retinopathy.Zhuoting ZhuXianwen ShangXianwen ShangWei WangJason HaYifan ChenJingyi HeXiaohong YangMingguang HeMingguang HeMingguang HeFrontiers Media S.A.articleretinopathysystemic vascular comorbiditiesdiabeteshypertensionkidney diseasecardiovascular diseaseDiseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinologyRC648-665ENFrontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 12 (2021) |
| institution |
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DOAJ |
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EN |
| topic |
retinopathy systemic vascular comorbidities diabetes hypertension kidney disease cardiovascular disease Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665 |
| spellingShingle |
retinopathy systemic vascular comorbidities diabetes hypertension kidney disease cardiovascular disease Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665 Zhuoting Zhu Xianwen Shang Xianwen Shang Wei Wang Jason Ha Yifan Chen Jingyi He Xiaohong Yang Mingguang He Mingguang He Mingguang He Impact of Retinopathy and Systemic Vascular Comorbidities on All-Cause Mortality |
| description |
PurposeTo assess the impact of retinopathy and systemic vascular comorbidities on the all-cause mortality in a representative U.S. sample.MethodsA total of 5703 participants (≥40 years old) from the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grading scale was used to evaluate the retinopathy status. Systemic vascular comorbidities included diabetes mellitus (DM), high blood pressure (HBP), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Time to death was calculated as the time from baseline to either the date of death or censoring (December 31st, 2015), whichever came first. Risks of mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models after adjusting for confounders and vascular comorbidities.ResultsAfter a median follow-up of 8.33 years (IQR: 7.50-9.67 years), there were 949 (11.8%) deaths from all causes. After adjusting for confounders, the presence of retinopathy predicted higher all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR), 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08-1.83). The all-cause mortality among participants with both retinopathy and systemic vascular comorbidities including DM (HR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.21-2.43), HBP (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.03-2.10), CKD (HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.26-2.39) and CVD (HR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.21-3.04) was significantly higher than that among those without either condition. When stratified by diabetic or hypertension status, the co-occurrence of retinopathy and CKD or CVD further increased the all-cause mortality compared to those without either condition.ConclusionsThe co-occurrence of retinopathy and systemic vascular conditions predicted a further increase in the risk of mortality. More extensive vascular risk factor assessment and management are needed to detect the burden of vascular pathologies and improve long-term survival in individuals with retinopathy. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Zhuoting Zhu Xianwen Shang Xianwen Shang Wei Wang Jason Ha Yifan Chen Jingyi He Xiaohong Yang Mingguang He Mingguang He Mingguang He |
| author_facet |
Zhuoting Zhu Xianwen Shang Xianwen Shang Wei Wang Jason Ha Yifan Chen Jingyi He Xiaohong Yang Mingguang He Mingguang He Mingguang He |
| author_sort |
Zhuoting Zhu |
| title |
Impact of Retinopathy and Systemic Vascular Comorbidities on All-Cause Mortality |
| title_short |
Impact of Retinopathy and Systemic Vascular Comorbidities on All-Cause Mortality |
| title_full |
Impact of Retinopathy and Systemic Vascular Comorbidities on All-Cause Mortality |
| title_fullStr |
Impact of Retinopathy and Systemic Vascular Comorbidities on All-Cause Mortality |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of Retinopathy and Systemic Vascular Comorbidities on All-Cause Mortality |
| title_sort |
impact of retinopathy and systemic vascular comorbidities on all-cause mortality |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/b4161130d4de4dfcbd7e582927caa522 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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