Characterization of trapped lignin-degrading microbes in tropical forest soil.

Lignin is often the most difficult portion of plant biomass to degrade, with fungi generally thought to dominate during late stage decomposition. Lignin in feedstock plant material represents a barrier to more efficient plant biomass conversion and can also hinder enzymatic access to cellulose, whic...

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Autores principales:	Kristen M DeAngelis, Martin Allgaier, Yaucin Chavarria, Julian L Fortney, Phillip Hugenholtz, Blake Simmons, Kerry Sublette, Whendee L Silver, Terry C Hazen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b432c81ba0ac4490900e4ef283af6527
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b432c81ba0ac4490900e4ef283af65272021-11-18T06:54:50ZCharacterization of trapped lignin-degrading microbes in tropical forest soil.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0019306https://doaj.org/article/b432c81ba0ac4490900e4ef283af65272011-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21559391/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Lignin is often the most difficult portion of plant biomass to degrade, with fungi generally thought to dominate during late stage decomposition. Lignin in feedstock plant material represents a barrier to more efficient plant biomass conversion and can also hinder enzymatic access to cellulose, which is critical for biofuels production. Tropical rain forest soils in Puerto Rico are characterized by frequent anoxic conditions and fluctuating redox, suggesting the presence of lignin-degrading organisms and mechanisms that are different from known fungal decomposers and oxygen-dependent enzyme activities. We explored microbial lignin-degraders by burying bio-traps containing lignin-amended and unamended biosep beads in the soil for 1, 4, 13 and 30 weeks. At each time point, phenol oxidase and peroxidase enzyme activity was found to be elevated in the lignin-amended versus the unamended beads, while cellulolytic enzyme activities were significantly depressed in lignin-amended beads. Quantitative PCR of bacterial communities showed more bacterial colonization in the lignin-amended compared to the unamended beads after one and four weeks, suggesting that the lignin supported increased bacterial abundance. The microbial community was analyzed by small subunit 16S ribosomal RNA genes using microarray (PhyloChip) and by high-throughput amplicon pyrosequencing based on universal primers targeting bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic communities. Community trends were significantly affected by time and the presence of lignin on the beads. Lignin-amended beads have higher relative abundances of representatives from the phyla Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria compared to unamended beads. This study suggests that in low and fluctuating redox soils, bacteria could play a role in anaerobic lignin decomposition.Kristen M DeAngelisMartin AllgaierYaucin ChavarriaJulian L FortneyPhillip HugenholtzBlake SimmonsKerry SubletteWhendee L SilverTerry C HazenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 4, p e19306 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kristen M DeAngelis Martin Allgaier Yaucin Chavarria Julian L Fortney Phillip Hugenholtz Blake Simmons Kerry Sublette Whendee L Silver Terry C Hazen Characterization of trapped lignin-degrading microbes in tropical forest soil.
description	Lignin is often the most difficult portion of plant biomass to degrade, with fungi generally thought to dominate during late stage decomposition. Lignin in feedstock plant material represents a barrier to more efficient plant biomass conversion and can also hinder enzymatic access to cellulose, which is critical for biofuels production. Tropical rain forest soils in Puerto Rico are characterized by frequent anoxic conditions and fluctuating redox, suggesting the presence of lignin-degrading organisms and mechanisms that are different from known fungal decomposers and oxygen-dependent enzyme activities. We explored microbial lignin-degraders by burying bio-traps containing lignin-amended and unamended biosep beads in the soil for 1, 4, 13 and 30 weeks. At each time point, phenol oxidase and peroxidase enzyme activity was found to be elevated in the lignin-amended versus the unamended beads, while cellulolytic enzyme activities were significantly depressed in lignin-amended beads. Quantitative PCR of bacterial communities showed more bacterial colonization in the lignin-amended compared to the unamended beads after one and four weeks, suggesting that the lignin supported increased bacterial abundance. The microbial community was analyzed by small subunit 16S ribosomal RNA genes using microarray (PhyloChip) and by high-throughput amplicon pyrosequencing based on universal primers targeting bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic communities. Community trends were significantly affected by time and the presence of lignin on the beads. Lignin-amended beads have higher relative abundances of representatives from the phyla Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria compared to unamended beads. This study suggests that in low and fluctuating redox soils, bacteria could play a role in anaerobic lignin decomposition.
format	article
author	Kristen M DeAngelis Martin Allgaier Yaucin Chavarria Julian L Fortney Phillip Hugenholtz Blake Simmons Kerry Sublette Whendee L Silver Terry C Hazen
author_facet	Kristen M DeAngelis Martin Allgaier Yaucin Chavarria Julian L Fortney Phillip Hugenholtz Blake Simmons Kerry Sublette Whendee L Silver Terry C Hazen
author_sort	Kristen M DeAngelis
title	Characterization of trapped lignin-degrading microbes in tropical forest soil.
title_short	Characterization of trapped lignin-degrading microbes in tropical forest soil.
title_full	Characterization of trapped lignin-degrading microbes in tropical forest soil.
title_fullStr	Characterization of trapped lignin-degrading microbes in tropical forest soil.
title_full_unstemmed	Characterization of trapped lignin-degrading microbes in tropical forest soil.
title_sort	characterization of trapped lignin-degrading microbes in tropical forest soil.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/b432c81ba0ac4490900e4ef283af6527
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Characterization of trapped lignin-degrading microbes in tropical forest soil.

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