Oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in multiple organs of mice acutely exposed to amorphous silica nanoparticles

Abderrahim Nemmar,1 Priya Yuvaraju,1 Sumaya Beegam,1 Javed Yasin,2 Elsadig E Kazzam,2 Badreldin H Ali3 1Department of Physiology, 2Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE; 3Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine...

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Autores principales:	Nemmar A, Yuvaraju P, Beegam S, Yasin J, Kazzam EE, Ali BH
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2016
Materias:	Amorphous silica nanoparticles organ toxicity oxidative stress inflammation DNA damage Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b44eab137206488e9cf61304ef18f259
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b44eab137206488e9cf61304ef18f2592021-12-02T02:04:22ZOxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in multiple organs of mice acutely exposed to amorphous silica nanoparticles1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/b44eab137206488e9cf61304ef18f2592016-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/oxidative-stress-inflammation-and-dna-damage-in-multiple-organs-of-mic-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Abderrahim Nemmar,1 Priya Yuvaraju,1 Sumaya Beegam,1 Javed Yasin,2 Elsadig E Kazzam,2 Badreldin H Ali3 1Department of Physiology, 2Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE; 3Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Al-Khoudh, Sultanate of Oman Abstract: The use of amorphous silica (SiO2) in biopharmaceutical and industrial fields can lead to human exposure by injection, skin penetration, ingestion, or inhalation. However, the in vivo acute toxicity of amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles (SiNPs) on multiple organs and the mechanisms underlying these effects are not well understood. Presently, we investigated the acute (24 hours) effects of intraperitoneally administered 50 nm SiNPs (0.25 mg/kg) on systemic toxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in the lung, heart, liver, kidney, and brain of mice. Lipid peroxidation was significantly increased by SiNPs in the lung, liver, kidney, and brain, but was not changed in the heart. Similarly, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were significantly affected by SiNPs in all organs studied. While the concentration of tumor necrosis factor α was insignificantly increased in the liver and brain, its increase was statistically significant in the lung, heart, and kidney. SiNPs induced a significant elevation in pulmonary and renal interleukin 6 and interleukin-1 beta in the lung, liver, and brain. Moreover, SiNPs caused a significant increase in DNA damage, assessed by comet assay, in all the organs studied. SiNPs caused leukocytosis and increased the plasma activities of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, alanine aminotranferase, and aspartate aminotransferase. These results indicate that acute systemic exposure to SiNPs causes oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in several major organs, and highlight the need for thorough evaluation of SiNPs before they can be safely used in human beings. Keywords: amorphous silica nanoparticles, organ toxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damageNemmar AYuvaraju PBeegam SYasin JKazzam EEAli BHDove Medical PressarticleAmorphous silica nanoparticlesorgan toxicityoxidative stressinflammationDNA damageMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2016, Iss Issue 1, Pp 919-928 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Amorphous silica nanoparticles organ toxicity oxidative stress inflammation DNA damage Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Amorphous silica nanoparticles organ toxicity oxidative stress inflammation DNA damage Medicine (General) R5-920 Nemmar A Yuvaraju P Beegam S Yasin J Kazzam EE Ali BH Oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in multiple organs of mice acutely exposed to amorphous silica nanoparticles
description	Abderrahim Nemmar,1 Priya Yuvaraju,1 Sumaya Beegam,1 Javed Yasin,2 Elsadig E Kazzam,2 Badreldin H Ali3 1Department of Physiology, 2Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE; 3Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Al-Khoudh, Sultanate of Oman Abstract: The use of amorphous silica (SiO2) in biopharmaceutical and industrial fields can lead to human exposure by injection, skin penetration, ingestion, or inhalation. However, the in vivo acute toxicity of amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles (SiNPs) on multiple organs and the mechanisms underlying these effects are not well understood. Presently, we investigated the acute (24 hours) effects of intraperitoneally administered 50 nm SiNPs (0.25 mg/kg) on systemic toxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in the lung, heart, liver, kidney, and brain of mice. Lipid peroxidation was significantly increased by SiNPs in the lung, liver, kidney, and brain, but was not changed in the heart. Similarly, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were significantly affected by SiNPs in all organs studied. While the concentration of tumor necrosis factor α was insignificantly increased in the liver and brain, its increase was statistically significant in the lung, heart, and kidney. SiNPs induced a significant elevation in pulmonary and renal interleukin 6 and interleukin-1 beta in the lung, liver, and brain. Moreover, SiNPs caused a significant increase in DNA damage, assessed by comet assay, in all the organs studied. SiNPs caused leukocytosis and increased the plasma activities of lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, alanine aminotranferase, and aspartate aminotransferase. These results indicate that acute systemic exposure to SiNPs causes oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in several major organs, and highlight the need for thorough evaluation of SiNPs before they can be safely used in human beings. Keywords: amorphous silica nanoparticles, organ toxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage
format	article
author	Nemmar A Yuvaraju P Beegam S Yasin J Kazzam EE Ali BH
author_facet	Nemmar A Yuvaraju P Beegam S Yasin J Kazzam EE Ali BH
author_sort	Nemmar A
title	Oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in multiple organs of mice acutely exposed to amorphous silica nanoparticles
title_short	Oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in multiple organs of mice acutely exposed to amorphous silica nanoparticles
title_full	Oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in multiple organs of mice acutely exposed to amorphous silica nanoparticles
title_fullStr	Oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in multiple organs of mice acutely exposed to amorphous silica nanoparticles
title_full_unstemmed	Oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in multiple organs of mice acutely exposed to amorphous silica nanoparticles
title_sort	oxidative stress, inflammation, and dna damage in multiple organs of mice acutely exposed to amorphous silica nanoparticles
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/b44eab137206488e9cf61304ef18f259
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Oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage in multiple organs of mice acutely exposed to amorphous silica nanoparticles

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