Assessment of climate change impact on hydrology of a transboundary river of Bhutan and India

Assessing the impacts of climate change on a transboundary river plays an important role in sustaining water security within as well as beyond the national boundaries. At times, the unilateral decision taken by one country can increase the risk of negative effect on the riparian countries and if the...

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Autores principales:	Phub Zam, Sangam Shrestha, Aakanchya Budhathoki
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	climate change hydrology raidak river transboundary river wangchu river Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b453d675e60146da9792bf455057954d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b453d675e60146da9792bf455057954d2021-11-09T23:59:48ZAssessment of climate change impact on hydrology of a transboundary river of Bhutan and India2040-22442408-935410.2166/wcc.2021.338https://doaj.org/article/b453d675e60146da9792bf455057954d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://jwcc.iwaponline.com/content/12/7/3224https://doaj.org/toc/2040-2244https://doaj.org/toc/2408-9354Assessing the impacts of climate change on a transboundary river plays an important role in sustaining water security within as well as beyond the national boundaries. At times, the unilateral decision taken by one country can increase the risk of negative effect on the riparian countries and if the impact is felt strongly by the other country, it can lead to international tension between them. This study examines the impact of climate change on hydrology between a shared river which is Wangchu river in Bhutan and Raidak river in India. The river is mainly used to produce hydropower in the two largest hydropower plants on which the majority of Bhutan's economic development depends and is mainly used for agriculture in India. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used for future flow simulation. Future climate was projected for near future (NF) from 2025–2050 and far future (FF) from 2074–2099 using an ensemble of three regional climate models (ACCESS, CNRM-CM5 and MPI-ESM-LR) for two RCPs (Representative Concentration Pathways), RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenario. The ensemble results indicated that, in future, the study area would become warmer with temperature increase of 1.5 °C under RCP 4.5 and 3.6 °C under RCP 8.5. However, as per RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, rainfall over the study area is projected to decrease by 1.90% and 1.38%, respectively. As a consequence of the projected decrease in rainfall, the flow in the river is projected to decrease by 5.77% under RCP 4.5 and 4.73% under RCP 8.5. Overall, the results indicated that the degree of hydrological change is expected to be higher, particularly for low flows in both Wangchu and Raidak River. Since transboundary water is shared for economic growth, climate change adaptation and opportunities should also be considered by both the nations for better water management. HIGHLIGHTS We analyzed the climate change impact on hydrology of a transboundary river.; The tranboundary river basin is projected to be warmer in the future.; The rainfall is projected to decrease in the future.; The runoff in the river is also projected to decrease in the future.; The low flows will be highly impacted in the transboundary river in the future;Phub ZamSangam ShresthaAakanchya BudhathokiIWA Publishingarticleclimate changehydrologyraidak rivertransboundary riverwangchu riverEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENJournal of Water and Climate Change, Vol 12, Iss 7, Pp 3224-3239 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	climate change hydrology raidak river transboundary river wangchu river Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	climate change hydrology raidak river transboundary river wangchu river Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Phub Zam Sangam Shrestha Aakanchya Budhathoki Assessment of climate change impact on hydrology of a transboundary river of Bhutan and India
description	Assessing the impacts of climate change on a transboundary river plays an important role in sustaining water security within as well as beyond the national boundaries. At times, the unilateral decision taken by one country can increase the risk of negative effect on the riparian countries and if the impact is felt strongly by the other country, it can lead to international tension between them. This study examines the impact of climate change on hydrology between a shared river which is Wangchu river in Bhutan and Raidak river in India. The river is mainly used to produce hydropower in the two largest hydropower plants on which the majority of Bhutan's economic development depends and is mainly used for agriculture in India. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used for future flow simulation. Future climate was projected for near future (NF) from 2025–2050 and far future (FF) from 2074–2099 using an ensemble of three regional climate models (ACCESS, CNRM-CM5 and MPI-ESM-LR) for two RCPs (Representative Concentration Pathways), RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenario. The ensemble results indicated that, in future, the study area would become warmer with temperature increase of 1.5 °C under RCP 4.5 and 3.6 °C under RCP 8.5. However, as per RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, rainfall over the study area is projected to decrease by 1.90% and 1.38%, respectively. As a consequence of the projected decrease in rainfall, the flow in the river is projected to decrease by 5.77% under RCP 4.5 and 4.73% under RCP 8.5. Overall, the results indicated that the degree of hydrological change is expected to be higher, particularly for low flows in both Wangchu and Raidak River. Since transboundary water is shared for economic growth, climate change adaptation and opportunities should also be considered by both the nations for better water management. HIGHLIGHTS We analyzed the climate change impact on hydrology of a transboundary river.; The tranboundary river basin is projected to be warmer in the future.; The rainfall is projected to decrease in the future.; The runoff in the river is also projected to decrease in the future.; The low flows will be highly impacted in the transboundary river in the future;
format	article
author	Phub Zam Sangam Shrestha Aakanchya Budhathoki
author_facet	Phub Zam Sangam Shrestha Aakanchya Budhathoki
author_sort	Phub Zam
title	Assessment of climate change impact on hydrology of a transboundary river of Bhutan and India
title_short	Assessment of climate change impact on hydrology of a transboundary river of Bhutan and India
title_full	Assessment of climate change impact on hydrology of a transboundary river of Bhutan and India
title_fullStr	Assessment of climate change impact on hydrology of a transboundary river of Bhutan and India
title_full_unstemmed	Assessment of climate change impact on hydrology of a transboundary river of Bhutan and India
title_sort	assessment of climate change impact on hydrology of a transboundary river of bhutan and india
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b453d675e60146da9792bf455057954d
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_version_	1718440778446929920

Assessment of climate change impact on hydrology of a transboundary river of Bhutan and India

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