Tryptophan Metabolism in Bipolar Disorder in a Longitudinal Setting

Immune-mediated inflammatory processes and oxidative stress are involved in the aetiopathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD) and weight-associated comorbidities. Tryptophan breakdown via indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) along the kynurenine axis concomitant with a pro-inflammatory state was found...

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Autores principales:	Frederike T. Fellendorf, Johanna M. Gostner, Melanie Lenger, Martina Platzer, Armin Birner, Alexander Maget, Robert Queissner, Adelina Tmava-Berisha, Cornelia A. Pater, Michaela Ratzenhofer, Jolana Wagner-Skacel, Susanne A. Bengesser, Nina Dalkner, Dietmar Fuchs, Eva Z. Reininghaus
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	bipolar disorder psychoneuroimmunology kynurenine to tryptophan ratio tryptophan metabolism IDO-1 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b47b6454846a4d7cae08521cf3d751be
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b47b6454846a4d7cae08521cf3d751be2021-11-25T16:28:41ZTryptophan Metabolism in Bipolar Disorder in a Longitudinal Setting10.3390/antiox101117952076-3921https://doaj.org/article/b47b6454846a4d7cae08521cf3d751be2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/11/1795https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3921Immune-mediated inflammatory processes and oxidative stress are involved in the aetiopathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD) and weight-associated comorbidities. Tryptophan breakdown via indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) along the kynurenine axis concomitant with a pro-inflammatory state was found to be more active in BD, and associated with overweight/obesity. This study aimed to investigate tryptophan metabolism in BD compared to controls (C), stratified by weight classes, in a longitudinal setting, dependent on the incidence of BD episodes. Peripheral tryptophan, kynurenine, and neopterin were assessed in the serum of 226 BD individuals and 142 C. Three samples in a longitudinal assessment were used for 75 BD individuals. Results showed a higher kynurenine/tryptophan in both BD compared to C and overweight compared to normal weight persons. Levels remained stable over time. In the longitudinal course, no differences were found between individuals who were constantly euthymic or not, or who had an illness episode or had none. Findings indicate that tryptophan, kynurenine, and IDO-1 activity may play a role in pathophysiology in BD but are not necessarily associated with clinical manifestations. Accelerated tryptophan breakdown along the kynurenine axis may be facilitated by being overweight. This may increase the risk of accumulation of neurotoxic metabolites, impacting BD symptomatology, cognition, and somatic comorbidities.Frederike T. FellendorfJohanna M. GostnerMelanie LengerMartina PlatzerArmin BirnerAlexander MagetRobert QueissnerAdelina Tmava-BerishaCornelia A. PaterMichaela RatzenhoferJolana Wagner-SkacelSusanne A. BengesserNina DalknerDietmar FuchsEva Z. ReininghausMDPI AGarticlebipolar disorderpsychoneuroimmunologykynurenine to tryptophan ratiotryptophan metabolismIDO-1Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntioxidants, Vol 10, Iss 1795, p 1795 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bipolar disorder psychoneuroimmunology kynurenine to tryptophan ratio tryptophan metabolism IDO-1 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	bipolar disorder psychoneuroimmunology kynurenine to tryptophan ratio tryptophan metabolism IDO-1 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Frederike T. Fellendorf Johanna M. Gostner Melanie Lenger Martina Platzer Armin Birner Alexander Maget Robert Queissner Adelina Tmava-Berisha Cornelia A. Pater Michaela Ratzenhofer Jolana Wagner-Skacel Susanne A. Bengesser Nina Dalkner Dietmar Fuchs Eva Z. Reininghaus Tryptophan Metabolism in Bipolar Disorder in a Longitudinal Setting
description	Immune-mediated inflammatory processes and oxidative stress are involved in the aetiopathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD) and weight-associated comorbidities. Tryptophan breakdown via indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) along the kynurenine axis concomitant with a pro-inflammatory state was found to be more active in BD, and associated with overweight/obesity. This study aimed to investigate tryptophan metabolism in BD compared to controls (C), stratified by weight classes, in a longitudinal setting, dependent on the incidence of BD episodes. Peripheral tryptophan, kynurenine, and neopterin were assessed in the serum of 226 BD individuals and 142 C. Three samples in a longitudinal assessment were used for 75 BD individuals. Results showed a higher kynurenine/tryptophan in both BD compared to C and overweight compared to normal weight persons. Levels remained stable over time. In the longitudinal course, no differences were found between individuals who were constantly euthymic or not, or who had an illness episode or had none. Findings indicate that tryptophan, kynurenine, and IDO-1 activity may play a role in pathophysiology in BD but are not necessarily associated with clinical manifestations. Accelerated tryptophan breakdown along the kynurenine axis may be facilitated by being overweight. This may increase the risk of accumulation of neurotoxic metabolites, impacting BD symptomatology, cognition, and somatic comorbidities.
format	article
author	Frederike T. Fellendorf Johanna M. Gostner Melanie Lenger Martina Platzer Armin Birner Alexander Maget Robert Queissner Adelina Tmava-Berisha Cornelia A. Pater Michaela Ratzenhofer Jolana Wagner-Skacel Susanne A. Bengesser Nina Dalkner Dietmar Fuchs Eva Z. Reininghaus
author_facet	Frederike T. Fellendorf Johanna M. Gostner Melanie Lenger Martina Platzer Armin Birner Alexander Maget Robert Queissner Adelina Tmava-Berisha Cornelia A. Pater Michaela Ratzenhofer Jolana Wagner-Skacel Susanne A. Bengesser Nina Dalkner Dietmar Fuchs Eva Z. Reininghaus
author_sort	Frederike T. Fellendorf
title	Tryptophan Metabolism in Bipolar Disorder in a Longitudinal Setting
title_short	Tryptophan Metabolism in Bipolar Disorder in a Longitudinal Setting
title_full	Tryptophan Metabolism in Bipolar Disorder in a Longitudinal Setting
title_fullStr	Tryptophan Metabolism in Bipolar Disorder in a Longitudinal Setting
title_full_unstemmed	Tryptophan Metabolism in Bipolar Disorder in a Longitudinal Setting
title_sort	tryptophan metabolism in bipolar disorder in a longitudinal setting
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b47b6454846a4d7cae08521cf3d751be
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Tryptophan Metabolism in Bipolar Disorder in a Longitudinal Setting

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