Verification of the electromagnetic deep-penetration effect in the real world

Abstract The deep penetration of electromagnetic waves into lossy media can be obtained by properly generating inhomogeneous waves. In this work, for the very first time, we demonstrate the physical implementation and the practical relevance of this phenomenon. A thorough numerical investigation of...

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Autores principales:	Paolo Baccarelli, Alessandro Calcaterra, Fabrizio Frezza, Fabio Mangini, Nicholas Ricciardella, Patrizio Simeoni, Nicola Tedeschi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b4845694b1d1430ba93fefeda3624883
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b4845694b1d1430ba93fefeda36248832021-12-02T14:53:49ZVerification of the electromagnetic deep-penetration effect in the real world10.1038/s41598-021-95080-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/b4845694b1d1430ba93fefeda36248832021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95080-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The deep penetration of electromagnetic waves into lossy media can be obtained by properly generating inhomogeneous waves. In this work, for the very first time, we demonstrate the physical implementation and the practical relevance of this phenomenon. A thorough numerical investigation of the deep-penetration effects has been performed by designing and comparing three distinct practical radiators, emitting either homogeneous or inhomogeneous waves. As concerns the latter kind, a typical Menzel microstrip antenna is first used to radiate improper leaky waves. Then, a completely new approach based on an optimized 3-D horn TEM antenna applied to a lossy prism is described, which may find applications even at optical frequencies. The effectiveness of the proposed radiators is measured using different algorithms to consider distinct aspects of the propagation in lossy media. We finally demonstrate that the deep penetration is possible, by extending the ideal and theoretical evidence to practical relevance, and discuss both achievements and limits obtained through numerical simulations on the designed antennas.Paolo BaccarelliAlessandro CalcaterraFabrizio FrezzaFabio ManginiNicholas RicciardellaPatrizio SimeoniNicola TedeschiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Paolo Baccarelli Alessandro Calcaterra Fabrizio Frezza Fabio Mangini Nicholas Ricciardella Patrizio Simeoni Nicola Tedeschi Verification of the electromagnetic deep-penetration effect in the real world
description	Abstract The deep penetration of electromagnetic waves into lossy media can be obtained by properly generating inhomogeneous waves. In this work, for the very first time, we demonstrate the physical implementation and the practical relevance of this phenomenon. A thorough numerical investigation of the deep-penetration effects has been performed by designing and comparing three distinct practical radiators, emitting either homogeneous or inhomogeneous waves. As concerns the latter kind, a typical Menzel microstrip antenna is first used to radiate improper leaky waves. Then, a completely new approach based on an optimized 3-D horn TEM antenna applied to a lossy prism is described, which may find applications even at optical frequencies. The effectiveness of the proposed radiators is measured using different algorithms to consider distinct aspects of the propagation in lossy media. We finally demonstrate that the deep penetration is possible, by extending the ideal and theoretical evidence to practical relevance, and discuss both achievements and limits obtained through numerical simulations on the designed antennas.
format	article
author	Paolo Baccarelli Alessandro Calcaterra Fabrizio Frezza Fabio Mangini Nicholas Ricciardella Patrizio Simeoni Nicola Tedeschi
author_facet	Paolo Baccarelli Alessandro Calcaterra Fabrizio Frezza Fabio Mangini Nicholas Ricciardella Patrizio Simeoni Nicola Tedeschi
author_sort	Paolo Baccarelli
title	Verification of the electromagnetic deep-penetration effect in the real world
title_short	Verification of the electromagnetic deep-penetration effect in the real world
title_full	Verification of the electromagnetic deep-penetration effect in the real world
title_fullStr	Verification of the electromagnetic deep-penetration effect in the real world
title_full_unstemmed	Verification of the electromagnetic deep-penetration effect in the real world
title_sort	verification of the electromagnetic deep-penetration effect in the real world
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b4845694b1d1430ba93fefeda3624883
work_keys_str_mv	AT paolobaccarelli verificationoftheelectromagneticdeeppenetrationeffectintherealworld AT alessandrocalcaterra verificationoftheelectromagneticdeeppenetrationeffectintherealworld AT fabriziofrezza verificationoftheelectromagneticdeeppenetrationeffectintherealworld AT fabiomangini verificationoftheelectromagneticdeeppenetrationeffectintherealworld AT nicholasricciardella verificationoftheelectromagneticdeeppenetrationeffectintherealworld AT patriziosimeoni verificationoftheelectromagneticdeeppenetrationeffectintherealworld AT nicolatedeschi verificationoftheelectromagneticdeeppenetrationeffectintherealworld
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Verification of the electromagnetic deep-penetration effect in the real world

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