Natural and experimental infection of Caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses.

An ideal model system to study antiviral immunity and host-pathogen co-evolution would combine a genetically tractable small animal with a virus capable of naturally infecting the host organism. The use of C. elegans as a model to define host-viral interactions has been limited by the lack of viruse...

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Autores principales:	Marie-Anne Félix, Alyson Ashe, Joséphine Piffaretti, Guang Wu, Isabelle Nuez, Tony Bélicard, Yanfang Jiang, Guoyan Zhao, Carl J Franz, Leonard D Goldstein, Mabel Sanroman, Eric A Miska, David Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b4992a6101b74de882df4f17356ffdd3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b4992a6101b74de882df4f17356ffdd32021-11-18T05:36:21ZNatural and experimental infection of Caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses.1544-91731545-788510.1371/journal.pbio.1000586https://doaj.org/article/b4992a6101b74de882df4f17356ffdd32011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21283608/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885An ideal model system to study antiviral immunity and host-pathogen co-evolution would combine a genetically tractable small animal with a virus capable of naturally infecting the host organism. The use of C. elegans as a model to define host-viral interactions has been limited by the lack of viruses known to infect nematodes. From wild isolates of C. elegans and C. briggsae with unusual morphological phenotypes in intestinal cells, we identified two novel RNA viruses distantly related to known nodaviruses, one infecting specifically C. elegans (Orsay virus), the other C. briggsae (Santeuil virus). Bleaching of embryos cured infected cultures demonstrating that the viruses are neither stably integrated in the host genome nor transmitted vertically. 0.2 µm filtrates of the infected cultures could infect cured animals. Infected animals continuously maintained viral infection for 6 mo (∼50 generations), demonstrating that natural cycles of horizontal virus transmission were faithfully recapitulated in laboratory culture. In addition to infecting the natural C. elegans isolate, Orsay virus readily infected laboratory C. elegans mutants defective in RNAi and yielded higher levels of viral RNA and infection symptoms as compared to infection of the corresponding wild-type N2 strain. These results demonstrated a clear role for RNAi in the defense against this virus. Furthermore, different wild C. elegans isolates displayed differential susceptibility to infection by Orsay virus, thereby affording genetic approaches to defining antiviral loci. This discovery establishes a bona fide viral infection system to explore the natural ecology of nematodes, host-pathogen co-evolution, the evolution of small RNA responses, and innate antiviral mechanisms.Marie-Anne FélixAlyson AsheJoséphine PiffarettiGuang WuIsabelle NuezTony BélicardYanfang JiangGuoyan ZhaoCarl J FranzLeonard D GoldsteinMabel SanromanEric A MiskaDavid WangPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e1000586 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Marie-Anne Félix Alyson Ashe Joséphine Piffaretti Guang Wu Isabelle Nuez Tony Bélicard Yanfang Jiang Guoyan Zhao Carl J Franz Leonard D Goldstein Mabel Sanroman Eric A Miska David Wang Natural and experimental infection of Caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses.
description	An ideal model system to study antiviral immunity and host-pathogen co-evolution would combine a genetically tractable small animal with a virus capable of naturally infecting the host organism. The use of C. elegans as a model to define host-viral interactions has been limited by the lack of viruses known to infect nematodes. From wild isolates of C. elegans and C. briggsae with unusual morphological phenotypes in intestinal cells, we identified two novel RNA viruses distantly related to known nodaviruses, one infecting specifically C. elegans (Orsay virus), the other C. briggsae (Santeuil virus). Bleaching of embryos cured infected cultures demonstrating that the viruses are neither stably integrated in the host genome nor transmitted vertically. 0.2 µm filtrates of the infected cultures could infect cured animals. Infected animals continuously maintained viral infection for 6 mo (∼50 generations), demonstrating that natural cycles of horizontal virus transmission were faithfully recapitulated in laboratory culture. In addition to infecting the natural C. elegans isolate, Orsay virus readily infected laboratory C. elegans mutants defective in RNAi and yielded higher levels of viral RNA and infection symptoms as compared to infection of the corresponding wild-type N2 strain. These results demonstrated a clear role for RNAi in the defense against this virus. Furthermore, different wild C. elegans isolates displayed differential susceptibility to infection by Orsay virus, thereby affording genetic approaches to defining antiviral loci. This discovery establishes a bona fide viral infection system to explore the natural ecology of nematodes, host-pathogen co-evolution, the evolution of small RNA responses, and innate antiviral mechanisms.
format	article
author	Marie-Anne Félix Alyson Ashe Joséphine Piffaretti Guang Wu Isabelle Nuez Tony Bélicard Yanfang Jiang Guoyan Zhao Carl J Franz Leonard D Goldstein Mabel Sanroman Eric A Miska David Wang
author_facet	Marie-Anne Félix Alyson Ashe Joséphine Piffaretti Guang Wu Isabelle Nuez Tony Bélicard Yanfang Jiang Guoyan Zhao Carl J Franz Leonard D Goldstein Mabel Sanroman Eric A Miska David Wang
author_sort	Marie-Anne Félix
title	Natural and experimental infection of Caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses.
title_short	Natural and experimental infection of Caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses.
title_full	Natural and experimental infection of Caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses.
title_fullStr	Natural and experimental infection of Caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses.
title_full_unstemmed	Natural and experimental infection of Caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses.
title_sort	natural and experimental infection of caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/b4992a6101b74de882df4f17356ffdd3
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Natural and experimental infection of Caenorhabditis nematodes by novel viruses related to nodaviruses.

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