Non-Chemical Treatments for the Pre- and Post-Harvest Elicitation of Defense Mechanisms in the Fungi–Avocado Pathosystem

The greatest challenge for the avocado (<i>Persea americana</i> Miller) industry is to maintain the quality of the fruit to meet consumer requirements. Anthracnose is considered the most important disease in this industry, and it is caused by different species of the genus <i>Colle...

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Autores principales:	Juan Antonio Herrera-González, Silvia Bautista-Baños, Mario Serrano, Gianfranco Romanazzi, Porfirio Gutiérrez-Martínez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Bacillus</i> postharvest chitosan essential oils silicon <i>Colletotrichum</i> spp. Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b4d65a3f5fc04a43aa3b595b5055d9fe
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b4d65a3f5fc04a43aa3b595b5055d9fe2021-11-25T18:27:29ZNon-Chemical Treatments for the Pre- and Post-Harvest Elicitation of Defense Mechanisms in the Fungi–Avocado Pathosystem10.3390/molecules262268191420-3049https://doaj.org/article/b4d65a3f5fc04a43aa3b595b5055d9fe2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/22/6819https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049The greatest challenge for the avocado (<i>Persea americana</i> Miller) industry is to maintain the quality of the fruit to meet consumer requirements. Anthracnose is considered the most important disease in this industry, and it is caused by different species of the genus <i>Colletotrichum</i>, although other pathogens can be equally important. The defense mechanisms that fruit naturally uses can be triggered in response to the attack of pathogenic microorganisms and also by the application of exogenous elicitors in the form of GRAS compounds. The elicitors are recognized by receptors called PRRs, which are proteins located on the avocado fruit cell surface that have high affinity and specificity for PAMPs, MAMPs, and DAMPs. The activation of defense-signaling pathways depends on ethylene, salicylic, and jasmonic acids, and it occurs hours or days after PTI activation. These defense mechanisms aim to drive the pathogen to death. The application of essential oils, antagonists, volatile compounds, chitosan and silicon has been documented in vitro and on avocado fruit, showing some of them to have elicitor and fungicidal effects that are reflected in the postharvest quality of the fruit and a lower incidence of diseases. The main focus of these studies has been on anthracnose diseases. This review presents the most relevant advances in the use of natural compounds with antifungal and elicitor effects in plant tissues.Juan Antonio Herrera-GonzálezSilvia Bautista-BañosMario SerranoGianfranco RomanazziPorfirio Gutiérrez-MartínezMDPI AGarticle<i>Bacillus</i>postharvestchitosanessential oilssilicon<i>Colletotrichum</i> spp.Organic chemistryQD241-441ENMolecules, Vol 26, Iss 6819, p 6819 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Bacillus</i> postharvest chitosan essential oils silicon <i>Colletotrichum</i> spp. Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	<i>Bacillus</i> postharvest chitosan essential oils silicon <i>Colletotrichum</i> spp. Organic chemistry QD241-441 Juan Antonio Herrera-González Silvia Bautista-Baños Mario Serrano Gianfranco Romanazzi Porfirio Gutiérrez-Martínez Non-Chemical Treatments for the Pre- and Post-Harvest Elicitation of Defense Mechanisms in the Fungi–Avocado Pathosystem
description	The greatest challenge for the avocado (<i>Persea americana</i> Miller) industry is to maintain the quality of the fruit to meet consumer requirements. Anthracnose is considered the most important disease in this industry, and it is caused by different species of the genus <i>Colletotrichum</i>, although other pathogens can be equally important. The defense mechanisms that fruit naturally uses can be triggered in response to the attack of pathogenic microorganisms and also by the application of exogenous elicitors in the form of GRAS compounds. The elicitors are recognized by receptors called PRRs, which are proteins located on the avocado fruit cell surface that have high affinity and specificity for PAMPs, MAMPs, and DAMPs. The activation of defense-signaling pathways depends on ethylene, salicylic, and jasmonic acids, and it occurs hours or days after PTI activation. These defense mechanisms aim to drive the pathogen to death. The application of essential oils, antagonists, volatile compounds, chitosan and silicon has been documented in vitro and on avocado fruit, showing some of them to have elicitor and fungicidal effects that are reflected in the postharvest quality of the fruit and a lower incidence of diseases. The main focus of these studies has been on anthracnose diseases. This review presents the most relevant advances in the use of natural compounds with antifungal and elicitor effects in plant tissues.
format	article
author	Juan Antonio Herrera-González Silvia Bautista-Baños Mario Serrano Gianfranco Romanazzi Porfirio Gutiérrez-Martínez
author_facet	Juan Antonio Herrera-González Silvia Bautista-Baños Mario Serrano Gianfranco Romanazzi Porfirio Gutiérrez-Martínez
author_sort	Juan Antonio Herrera-González
title	Non-Chemical Treatments for the Pre- and Post-Harvest Elicitation of Defense Mechanisms in the Fungi–Avocado Pathosystem
title_short	Non-Chemical Treatments for the Pre- and Post-Harvest Elicitation of Defense Mechanisms in the Fungi–Avocado Pathosystem
title_full	Non-Chemical Treatments for the Pre- and Post-Harvest Elicitation of Defense Mechanisms in the Fungi–Avocado Pathosystem
title_fullStr	Non-Chemical Treatments for the Pre- and Post-Harvest Elicitation of Defense Mechanisms in the Fungi–Avocado Pathosystem
title_full_unstemmed	Non-Chemical Treatments for the Pre- and Post-Harvest Elicitation of Defense Mechanisms in the Fungi–Avocado Pathosystem
title_sort	non-chemical treatments for the pre- and post-harvest elicitation of defense mechanisms in the fungi–avocado pathosystem
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b4d65a3f5fc04a43aa3b595b5055d9fe
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Non-Chemical Treatments for the Pre- and Post-Harvest Elicitation of Defense Mechanisms in the Fungi–Avocado Pathosystem

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