Effect of type and concentration of ballasting particles on sinking rate of marine snow produced by the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica.

Ballast material (organic, opal, calcite, lithogenic) is suggested to affect sinking speed of aggregates in the ocean. Here, we tested this hypothesis by incubating appendicularians in suspensions of different algae or Saharan dust, and observing the sinking speed of the marine snow formed by their...

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Autores principales:	Fabien Lombard, Lionel Guidi, Thomas Kiørboe
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b4f94c660c4849b8bbc69d58d7e576eb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b4f94c660c4849b8bbc69d58d7e576eb2021-11-18T08:53:50ZEffect of type and concentration of ballasting particles on sinking rate of marine snow produced by the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0075676https://doaj.org/article/b4f94c660c4849b8bbc69d58d7e576eb2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24086610/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Ballast material (organic, opal, calcite, lithogenic) is suggested to affect sinking speed of aggregates in the ocean. Here, we tested this hypothesis by incubating appendicularians in suspensions of different algae or Saharan dust, and observing the sinking speed of the marine snow formed by their discarded houses. We show that calcite increases the sinking speeds of aggregates by ~100% and lithogenic material by ~150% while opal only has a minor effect. Furthermore the effect of ballast particle concentration was causing a 33 m d(-1) increase in sinking speed for a 5×10(5) µm(3) ml(-1) increase in particle concentration, near independent on ballast type. We finally compare our observations to the literature and stress the need to generate aggregates similar to those in nature in order to get realistic estimates of the impact of ballast particles on sinking speeds.Fabien LombardLionel GuidiThomas KiørboePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 9, p e75676 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Fabien Lombard Lionel Guidi Thomas Kiørboe Effect of type and concentration of ballasting particles on sinking rate of marine snow produced by the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica.
description	Ballast material (organic, opal, calcite, lithogenic) is suggested to affect sinking speed of aggregates in the ocean. Here, we tested this hypothesis by incubating appendicularians in suspensions of different algae or Saharan dust, and observing the sinking speed of the marine snow formed by their discarded houses. We show that calcite increases the sinking speeds of aggregates by ~100% and lithogenic material by ~150% while opal only has a minor effect. Furthermore the effect of ballast particle concentration was causing a 33 m d(-1) increase in sinking speed for a 5×10(5) µm(3) ml(-1) increase in particle concentration, near independent on ballast type. We finally compare our observations to the literature and stress the need to generate aggregates similar to those in nature in order to get realistic estimates of the impact of ballast particles on sinking speeds.
format	article
author	Fabien Lombard Lionel Guidi Thomas Kiørboe
author_facet	Fabien Lombard Lionel Guidi Thomas Kiørboe
author_sort	Fabien Lombard
title	Effect of type and concentration of ballasting particles on sinking rate of marine snow produced by the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica.
title_short	Effect of type and concentration of ballasting particles on sinking rate of marine snow produced by the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica.
title_full	Effect of type and concentration of ballasting particles on sinking rate of marine snow produced by the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica.
title_fullStr	Effect of type and concentration of ballasting particles on sinking rate of marine snow produced by the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica.
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of type and concentration of ballasting particles on sinking rate of marine snow produced by the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica.
title_sort	effect of type and concentration of ballasting particles on sinking rate of marine snow produced by the appendicularian oikopleura dioica.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/b4f94c660c4849b8bbc69d58d7e576eb
work_keys_str_mv	AT fabienlombard effectoftypeandconcentrationofballastingparticlesonsinkingrateofmarinesnowproducedbytheappendicularianoikopleuradioica AT lionelguidi effectoftypeandconcentrationofballastingparticlesonsinkingrateofmarinesnowproducedbytheappendicularianoikopleuradioica AT thomaskiørboe effectoftypeandconcentrationofballastingparticlesonsinkingrateofmarinesnowproducedbytheappendicularianoikopleuradioica
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Effect of type and concentration of ballasting particles on sinking rate of marine snow produced by the appendicularian Oikopleura dioica.

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