Photolysis of sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite by ultraviolet light inactivates the trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii in the water matrix

The present study aimed to investigate an effective, sustainable and accessible way to inactivate chlorine-resistant microorganisms, such as Acanthamoeba castellanii, through the photolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in the water matrix. The trophozoites and cysts (2 ×...

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Autores principales:	Beni J. M. Chaúque, Marilise B. Rott
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	acanthamoeba castellanii advanced oxidation processes disinfection free-living amoebae photolysis Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b4ff93cc54d3417aa3d68e9125ac531f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b4ff93cc54d3417aa3d68e9125ac531f2021-11-06T05:46:14ZPhotolysis of sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite by ultraviolet light inactivates the trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii in the water matrix1477-89201996-782910.2166/wh.2020.401https://doaj.org/article/b4ff93cc54d3417aa3d68e9125ac531f2021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttp://jwh.iwaponline.com/content/19/1/190https://doaj.org/toc/1477-8920https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7829The present study aimed to investigate an effective, sustainable and accessible way to inactivate chlorine-resistant microorganisms, such as Acanthamoeba castellanii, through the photolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in the water matrix. The trophozoites and cysts (2 × 107 per 8 mL) were exposed for 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min to the photolysis effect of NaOCl (1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 mg/L) or NaCl (5.0, 10, 20 and 40 g/L) by ultraviolet light C (243 μW·cm2), then the viability was analyzed. The inactivation of all trophozoites was achieved by exposure to the photolysis effect of 2.0 mg/L of NaOCl or 20 g/L of NaCl, in 150 or 120 min, respectively. Inactivation of all cysts was achieved by double exposure to the photolysis effect of 1.0 mg/L NaOCl or 5.0 g/L NaCl from 90 min of each exposure round. The exposure time was a strong determinant in the inactivation of A. castellanii trophozoites or cysts. The photolysis of NaOCl or NaCl is an effective method to eliminate A. castellanii in water. These findings expand the list of chlorine-resistant microorganisms that can be inactivated by NaOCl photolysis and show that NaCl photolysis is a new and promising method for treating swimming pool water and wastewater.Beni J. M. ChaúqueMarilise B. RottIWA Publishingarticleacanthamoeba castellaniiadvanced oxidation processesdisinfectionfree-living amoebaephotolysisPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENJournal of Water and Health, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 190-202 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	acanthamoeba castellanii advanced oxidation processes disinfection free-living amoebae photolysis Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	acanthamoeba castellanii advanced oxidation processes disinfection free-living amoebae photolysis Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Beni J. M. Chaúque Marilise B. Rott Photolysis of sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite by ultraviolet light inactivates the trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii in the water matrix
description	The present study aimed to investigate an effective, sustainable and accessible way to inactivate chlorine-resistant microorganisms, such as Acanthamoeba castellanii, through the photolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in the water matrix. The trophozoites and cysts (2 × 107 per 8 mL) were exposed for 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min to the photolysis effect of NaOCl (1.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 mg/L) or NaCl (5.0, 10, 20 and 40 g/L) by ultraviolet light C (243 μW·cm2), then the viability was analyzed. The inactivation of all trophozoites was achieved by exposure to the photolysis effect of 2.0 mg/L of NaOCl or 20 g/L of NaCl, in 150 or 120 min, respectively. Inactivation of all cysts was achieved by double exposure to the photolysis effect of 1.0 mg/L NaOCl or 5.0 g/L NaCl from 90 min of each exposure round. The exposure time was a strong determinant in the inactivation of A. castellanii trophozoites or cysts. The photolysis of NaOCl or NaCl is an effective method to eliminate A. castellanii in water. These findings expand the list of chlorine-resistant microorganisms that can be inactivated by NaOCl photolysis and show that NaCl photolysis is a new and promising method for treating swimming pool water and wastewater.
format	article
author	Beni J. M. Chaúque Marilise B. Rott
author_facet	Beni J. M. Chaúque Marilise B. Rott
author_sort	Beni J. M. Chaúque
title	Photolysis of sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite by ultraviolet light inactivates the trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii in the water matrix
title_short	Photolysis of sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite by ultraviolet light inactivates the trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii in the water matrix
title_full	Photolysis of sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite by ultraviolet light inactivates the trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii in the water matrix
title_fullStr	Photolysis of sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite by ultraviolet light inactivates the trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii in the water matrix
title_full_unstemmed	Photolysis of sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite by ultraviolet light inactivates the trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii in the water matrix
title_sort	photolysis of sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite by ultraviolet light inactivates the trophozoites and cysts of acanthamoeba castellanii in the water matrix
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b4ff93cc54d3417aa3d68e9125ac531f
work_keys_str_mv	AT benijmchauque photolysisofsodiumchlorideandsodiumhypochloritebyultravioletlightinactivatesthetrophozoitesandcystsofacanthamoebacastellaniiinthewatermatrix AT marilisebrott photolysisofsodiumchlorideandsodiumhypochloritebyultravioletlightinactivatesthetrophozoitesandcystsofacanthamoebacastellaniiinthewatermatrix
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Photolysis of sodium chloride and sodium hypochlorite by ultraviolet light inactivates the trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii in the water matrix

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