A TEM-traceable physiologically functional gold nanoprobe that permeates non-endocytic cells

Maria Victoria Berberian,1 Cristian A Pocognoni,2 Luis S Mayorga1,2 1Institute of Histology and Embryology of Mendoza – CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina; 2Institute of Histology and Embryology of Mendoza – CONICE...

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Autores principales:	Berberian MV, Pocognoni CA, Mayorga LS
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2018
Materias:	human sperm. metallothionein. gold nanoparticles functionalization. cell penetrating peptides. transmission electron microscopy Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b5488665bc974520a8d3bbed6192d462
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b5488665bc974520a8d3bbed6192d4622021-12-02T06:20:18ZA TEM-traceable physiologically functional gold nanoprobe that permeates non-endocytic cells1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/b5488665bc974520a8d3bbed6192d4622018-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/a-tem-traceable-physiologically-functional-gold-nanoprobe-that-permeat-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Maria Victoria Berberian,1 Cristian A Pocognoni,2 Luis S Mayorga1,2 1Institute of Histology and Embryology of Mendoza – CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina; 2Institute of Histology and Embryology of Mendoza – CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina Background: Nanoparticles’ intracellular fate requires proper internalization. Most cells make use of a battery of internalization pathways, but some are practically sealed, as they lack the biochemical machinery for cellular intake. Non-endocytic cells, such as mammals’ spermatozoa, challenge standard drug-delivery strategies. Purpose: In this article, we present a gold nanoprobe that permeates the external and internal membranes of human sperm. Methods: Our design makes use of a gold nanoparticle functionalized with a membrane-permeable cysteine-rich recombinant protein. The chimeric protein contains two units of physiologically active metallothioneins (MT) that also provide binding motifs to gold and a cell-penetrating-peptide sequence (CPP) that confers cell permeability to the nanoparticle. Results: Transmission electron microscopy, indirect immunofluorescence, and functional assays show that the nanoprobe is readily internalized in sperm, without compromising cell integrity, while preserving MT’s physiological activity. Our findings highlight the potential of CPP-functionalized nanogold for investigating the physiology of otherwise impermeable non-endocytic cells. Keywords: human sperm, metallothionein, gold nanoparticles functionalization, cell-penetrating peptides, transmission electron microscopyBerberian MVPocognoni CAMayorga LSDove Medical Pressarticlehuman sperm. metallothionein. gold nanoparticles functionalization. cell penetrating peptides. transmission electron microscopyMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 13, Pp 8075-8086 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	human sperm. metallothionein. gold nanoparticles functionalization. cell penetrating peptides. transmission electron microscopy Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	human sperm. metallothionein. gold nanoparticles functionalization. cell penetrating peptides. transmission electron microscopy Medicine (General) R5-920 Berberian MV Pocognoni CA Mayorga LS A TEM-traceable physiologically functional gold nanoprobe that permeates non-endocytic cells
description	Maria Victoria Berberian,1 Cristian A Pocognoni,2 Luis S Mayorga1,2 1Institute of Histology and Embryology of Mendoza – CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina; 2Institute of Histology and Embryology of Mendoza – CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina Background: Nanoparticles’ intracellular fate requires proper internalization. Most cells make use of a battery of internalization pathways, but some are practically sealed, as they lack the biochemical machinery for cellular intake. Non-endocytic cells, such as mammals’ spermatozoa, challenge standard drug-delivery strategies. Purpose: In this article, we present a gold nanoprobe that permeates the external and internal membranes of human sperm. Methods: Our design makes use of a gold nanoparticle functionalized with a membrane-permeable cysteine-rich recombinant protein. The chimeric protein contains two units of physiologically active metallothioneins (MT) that also provide binding motifs to gold and a cell-penetrating-peptide sequence (CPP) that confers cell permeability to the nanoparticle. Results: Transmission electron microscopy, indirect immunofluorescence, and functional assays show that the nanoprobe is readily internalized in sperm, without compromising cell integrity, while preserving MT’s physiological activity. Our findings highlight the potential of CPP-functionalized nanogold for investigating the physiology of otherwise impermeable non-endocytic cells. Keywords: human sperm, metallothionein, gold nanoparticles functionalization, cell-penetrating peptides, transmission electron microscopy
format	article
author	Berberian MV Pocognoni CA Mayorga LS
author_facet	Berberian MV Pocognoni CA Mayorga LS
author_sort	Berberian MV
title	A TEM-traceable physiologically functional gold nanoprobe that permeates non-endocytic cells
title_short	A TEM-traceable physiologically functional gold nanoprobe that permeates non-endocytic cells
title_full	A TEM-traceable physiologically functional gold nanoprobe that permeates non-endocytic cells
title_fullStr	A TEM-traceable physiologically functional gold nanoprobe that permeates non-endocytic cells
title_full_unstemmed	A TEM-traceable physiologically functional gold nanoprobe that permeates non-endocytic cells
title_sort	tem-traceable physiologically functional gold nanoprobe that permeates non-endocytic cells
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/b5488665bc974520a8d3bbed6192d462
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A TEM-traceable physiologically functional gold nanoprobe that permeates non-endocytic cells

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