Risk Assessment by a Passenger of an Autonomous Vehicle Among Pedestrians: Relationship Between Subjective and Physiological Measures

Autonomous navigation becomes complex when it is performed in an environment that lacks road signs and includes a variety of users, including vulnerable pedestrians. This article deals with the perception of collision risk from the viewpoint of a passenger sitting in the driver's seat who has d...

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Autores principales: Jeffery Petit, Camilo Charron, Franck Mars
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Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:b56ad1ffbc8b409abdd70c4d6e58c8072021-11-30T10:13:57ZRisk Assessment by a Passenger of an Autonomous Vehicle Among Pedestrians: Relationship Between Subjective and Physiological Measures2673-619510.3389/fnrgo.2021.682119https://doaj.org/article/b56ad1ffbc8b409abdd70c4d6e58c8072021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnrgo.2021.682119/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2673-6195Autonomous navigation becomes complex when it is performed in an environment that lacks road signs and includes a variety of users, including vulnerable pedestrians. This article deals with the perception of collision risk from the viewpoint of a passenger sitting in the driver's seat who has delegated the total control of their vehicle to an autonomous system. The proposed study is based on an experiment that used a fixed-base driving simulator. The study was conducted using a group of 20 volunteer participants. Scenarios were developed to simulate avoidance manoeuvres that involved pedestrians walking at 4.5 kph and an autonomous vehicle that was otherwise driving in a straight line at 30 kph. The main objective was to compare two systems of risk perception: These included subjective risk assessments obtained with an analogue handset provided to the participants and electrodermal activity (EDA) that was measured using skin conductance sensors. The relationship between these two types of measures, which possibly relates to the two systems of risk perception, is not unequivocally described in the literature. This experiment addresses this relationship by manipulating two factors: The time-to-collision (TTC) at the initiation of a pedestrian avoidance manoeuvre and the lateral offset left between a vehicle and a pedestrian. These manipulations of vehicle dynamics made it possible to simulate different safety margins regarding pedestrians during avoidance manoeuvres. The conditional dependencies between the two systems and the manipulated factors were studied using hybrid Bayesian networks. This relationship was inferred by selecting the best Bayesian network structure based on the Bayesian information criterion. The results demonstrate that the reduction of safety margins increases risk perception according to both types of indicators. However, the increase in subjective risk is more pronounced than the physiological response. While the indicators cannot be considered redundant, data modeling suggests that the two risk perception systems are not independent.Jeffery PetitCamilo CharronCamilo CharronFranck MarsFrontiers Media S.A.articleautonomous drivingpassenger perceptionrisk assessmentskin conductancedriving simulatorBayesian networkNeurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENFrontiers in Neuroergonomics, Vol 2 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic autonomous driving
passenger perception
risk assessment
skin conductance
driving simulator
Bayesian network
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
RC346-429
spellingShingle autonomous driving
passenger perception
risk assessment
skin conductance
driving simulator
Bayesian network
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
RC346-429
Jeffery Petit
Camilo Charron
Camilo Charron
Franck Mars
Risk Assessment by a Passenger of an Autonomous Vehicle Among Pedestrians: Relationship Between Subjective and Physiological Measures
description Autonomous navigation becomes complex when it is performed in an environment that lacks road signs and includes a variety of users, including vulnerable pedestrians. This article deals with the perception of collision risk from the viewpoint of a passenger sitting in the driver's seat who has delegated the total control of their vehicle to an autonomous system. The proposed study is based on an experiment that used a fixed-base driving simulator. The study was conducted using a group of 20 volunteer participants. Scenarios were developed to simulate avoidance manoeuvres that involved pedestrians walking at 4.5 kph and an autonomous vehicle that was otherwise driving in a straight line at 30 kph. The main objective was to compare two systems of risk perception: These included subjective risk assessments obtained with an analogue handset provided to the participants and electrodermal activity (EDA) that was measured using skin conductance sensors. The relationship between these two types of measures, which possibly relates to the two systems of risk perception, is not unequivocally described in the literature. This experiment addresses this relationship by manipulating two factors: The time-to-collision (TTC) at the initiation of a pedestrian avoidance manoeuvre and the lateral offset left between a vehicle and a pedestrian. These manipulations of vehicle dynamics made it possible to simulate different safety margins regarding pedestrians during avoidance manoeuvres. The conditional dependencies between the two systems and the manipulated factors were studied using hybrid Bayesian networks. This relationship was inferred by selecting the best Bayesian network structure based on the Bayesian information criterion. The results demonstrate that the reduction of safety margins increases risk perception according to both types of indicators. However, the increase in subjective risk is more pronounced than the physiological response. While the indicators cannot be considered redundant, data modeling suggests that the two risk perception systems are not independent.
format article
author Jeffery Petit
Camilo Charron
Camilo Charron
Franck Mars
author_facet Jeffery Petit
Camilo Charron
Camilo Charron
Franck Mars
author_sort Jeffery Petit
title Risk Assessment by a Passenger of an Autonomous Vehicle Among Pedestrians: Relationship Between Subjective and Physiological Measures
title_short Risk Assessment by a Passenger of an Autonomous Vehicle Among Pedestrians: Relationship Between Subjective and Physiological Measures
title_full Risk Assessment by a Passenger of an Autonomous Vehicle Among Pedestrians: Relationship Between Subjective and Physiological Measures
title_fullStr Risk Assessment by a Passenger of an Autonomous Vehicle Among Pedestrians: Relationship Between Subjective and Physiological Measures
title_full_unstemmed Risk Assessment by a Passenger of an Autonomous Vehicle Among Pedestrians: Relationship Between Subjective and Physiological Measures
title_sort risk assessment by a passenger of an autonomous vehicle among pedestrians: relationship between subjective and physiological measures
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/b56ad1ffbc8b409abdd70c4d6e58c807
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AT camilocharron riskassessmentbyapassengerofanautonomousvehicleamongpedestriansrelationshipbetweensubjectiveandphysiologicalmeasures
AT franckmars riskassessmentbyapassengerofanautonomousvehicleamongpedestriansrelationshipbetweensubjectiveandphysiologicalmeasures
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