Water column structure influences long-distance latitudinal migration patterns and habitat use of bumphead sunfish Mola alexandrini in the Pacific Ocean
Abstract Satellite-tracking of adult bumphead sunfish, Mola alexandrini, revealed long-distance latitudinal migration patterns covering thousands of kilometers. Horizontal and vertical movements of four bumphead sunfish off Taiwan were recorded with pop-up satellite archival tags in 2019–2020. Two i...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:b593d1e64884447caad6ad616fba714a2021-11-14T12:22:25ZWater column structure influences long-distance latitudinal migration patterns and habitat use of bumphead sunfish Mola alexandrini in the Pacific Ocean10.1038/s41598-021-01110-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/b593d1e64884447caad6ad616fba714a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01110-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Satellite-tracking of adult bumphead sunfish, Mola alexandrini, revealed long-distance latitudinal migration patterns covering thousands of kilometers. Horizontal and vertical movements of four bumphead sunfish off Taiwan were recorded with pop-up satellite archival tags in 2019–2020. Two individuals moved northward and traveled to Okinawa Island and Kyushu, Japan and two moved southwards; crossing the equator, to Papua New Guinea and New Caledonia. During daytime, bumphead sunfish descended below the thermocline and ascended to mixed layer depths (MLD) during nighttime. The N–S migrants, however, demonstrated different habitat utilization patterns. Instead of using prevailing currents, the northward movements of sunfish cohorts exhibited extensive use of mesoscale eddies. Fish in anticyclonic eddies usually occupied deeper habitats whereas those in cyclonic eddies used near-surface habitats. On northward excursions, fish spent most of their time in regions with high dissolved oxygen concentrations. Southward movement patterns were associated with major currents and thermal stratification of the water column. In highly stratified regions, fish stayed below the thermocline and frequently ascended to MLD during daytime either to warm muscles or repay oxygen debts. These results for bumphead sunfish present important insights into different habitat use patterns and the ability to undergo long-distance migrations over varying spatial-temporal scales and features.Ching-Tsun ChangWei-Chuan ChiangMichael K. MusylBrian N. PoppChi Hin LamShian-Jhong LinYuuki Y. WatanabeYuan-Hsing HoJune-Ru ChenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021) |
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Medicine R Science Q Ching-Tsun Chang Wei-Chuan Chiang Michael K. Musyl Brian N. Popp Chi Hin Lam Shian-Jhong Lin Yuuki Y. Watanabe Yuan-Hsing Ho June-Ru Chen Water column structure influences long-distance latitudinal migration patterns and habitat use of bumphead sunfish Mola alexandrini in the Pacific Ocean |
description |
Abstract Satellite-tracking of adult bumphead sunfish, Mola alexandrini, revealed long-distance latitudinal migration patterns covering thousands of kilometers. Horizontal and vertical movements of four bumphead sunfish off Taiwan were recorded with pop-up satellite archival tags in 2019–2020. Two individuals moved northward and traveled to Okinawa Island and Kyushu, Japan and two moved southwards; crossing the equator, to Papua New Guinea and New Caledonia. During daytime, bumphead sunfish descended below the thermocline and ascended to mixed layer depths (MLD) during nighttime. The N–S migrants, however, demonstrated different habitat utilization patterns. Instead of using prevailing currents, the northward movements of sunfish cohorts exhibited extensive use of mesoscale eddies. Fish in anticyclonic eddies usually occupied deeper habitats whereas those in cyclonic eddies used near-surface habitats. On northward excursions, fish spent most of their time in regions with high dissolved oxygen concentrations. Southward movement patterns were associated with major currents and thermal stratification of the water column. In highly stratified regions, fish stayed below the thermocline and frequently ascended to MLD during daytime either to warm muscles or repay oxygen debts. These results for bumphead sunfish present important insights into different habitat use patterns and the ability to undergo long-distance migrations over varying spatial-temporal scales and features. |
format |
article |
author |
Ching-Tsun Chang Wei-Chuan Chiang Michael K. Musyl Brian N. Popp Chi Hin Lam Shian-Jhong Lin Yuuki Y. Watanabe Yuan-Hsing Ho June-Ru Chen |
author_facet |
Ching-Tsun Chang Wei-Chuan Chiang Michael K. Musyl Brian N. Popp Chi Hin Lam Shian-Jhong Lin Yuuki Y. Watanabe Yuan-Hsing Ho June-Ru Chen |
author_sort |
Ching-Tsun Chang |
title |
Water column structure influences long-distance latitudinal migration patterns and habitat use of bumphead sunfish Mola alexandrini in the Pacific Ocean |
title_short |
Water column structure influences long-distance latitudinal migration patterns and habitat use of bumphead sunfish Mola alexandrini in the Pacific Ocean |
title_full |
Water column structure influences long-distance latitudinal migration patterns and habitat use of bumphead sunfish Mola alexandrini in the Pacific Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Water column structure influences long-distance latitudinal migration patterns and habitat use of bumphead sunfish Mola alexandrini in the Pacific Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Water column structure influences long-distance latitudinal migration patterns and habitat use of bumphead sunfish Mola alexandrini in the Pacific Ocean |
title_sort |
water column structure influences long-distance latitudinal migration patterns and habitat use of bumphead sunfish mola alexandrini in the pacific ocean |
publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/b593d1e64884447caad6ad616fba714a |
work_keys_str_mv |
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