Spontaneous voice gender imitation abilities in adult speakers.

<h4>Background</h4>The frequency components of the human voice play a major role in signalling the gender of the speaker. A voice imitation study was conducted to investigate individuals' ability to make behavioural adjustments to fundamental frequency (F0), and formants (Fi) in ord...

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Autores principales:	Valentina Cartei, Heidi Wind Cowles, David Reby
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b5c115bd6b0d460a972030bd3f944202
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:b5c115bd6b0d460a972030bd3f944202
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b5c115bd6b0d460a972030bd3f9442022021-11-18T07:27:37ZSpontaneous voice gender imitation abilities in adult speakers.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0031353https://doaj.org/article/b5c115bd6b0d460a972030bd3f9442022012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22363628/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The frequency components of the human voice play a major role in signalling the gender of the speaker. A voice imitation study was conducted to investigate individuals' ability to make behavioural adjustments to fundamental frequency (F0), and formants (Fi) in order to manipulate their expression of voice gender.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Thirty-two native British-English adult speakers were asked to read out loud different types of text (words, sentence, passage) using their normal voice and then while sounding as 'masculine' and 'feminine' as possible. Overall, the results show that both men and women raised their F0 and Fi when feminising their voice, and lowered their F0 and Fi when masculinising their voice.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>These observations suggest that adult speakers are capable of spontaneous glottal and vocal tract length adjustments to express masculinity and femininity in their voice. These results point to a "gender code", where speakers make a conventionalized use of the existing sex dimorphism to vary the expression of their gender and gender-related attributes.Valentina CarteiHeidi Wind CowlesDavid RebyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 2, p e31353 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Valentina Cartei Heidi Wind Cowles David Reby Spontaneous voice gender imitation abilities in adult speakers.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The frequency components of the human voice play a major role in signalling the gender of the speaker. A voice imitation study was conducted to investigate individuals' ability to make behavioural adjustments to fundamental frequency (F0), and formants (Fi) in order to manipulate their expression of voice gender.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Thirty-two native British-English adult speakers were asked to read out loud different types of text (words, sentence, passage) using their normal voice and then while sounding as 'masculine' and 'feminine' as possible. Overall, the results show that both men and women raised their F0 and Fi when feminising their voice, and lowered their F0 and Fi when masculinising their voice.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>These observations suggest that adult speakers are capable of spontaneous glottal and vocal tract length adjustments to express masculinity and femininity in their voice. These results point to a "gender code", where speakers make a conventionalized use of the existing sex dimorphism to vary the expression of their gender and gender-related attributes.
format	article
author	Valentina Cartei Heidi Wind Cowles David Reby
author_facet	Valentina Cartei Heidi Wind Cowles David Reby
author_sort	Valentina Cartei
title	Spontaneous voice gender imitation abilities in adult speakers.
title_short	Spontaneous voice gender imitation abilities in adult speakers.
title_full	Spontaneous voice gender imitation abilities in adult speakers.
title_fullStr	Spontaneous voice gender imitation abilities in adult speakers.
title_full_unstemmed	Spontaneous voice gender imitation abilities in adult speakers.
title_sort	spontaneous voice gender imitation abilities in adult speakers.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/b5c115bd6b0d460a972030bd3f944202
work_keys_str_mv	AT valentinacartei spontaneousvoicegenderimitationabilitiesinadultspeakers AT heidiwindcowles spontaneousvoicegenderimitationabilitiesinadultspeakers AT davidreby spontaneousvoicegenderimitationabilitiesinadultspeakers
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Spontaneous voice gender imitation abilities in adult speakers.

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