Prevalence of anti-Leptospira antibodies and associated risk factors in the Malaysian refugee communities

Abstract Background Refugees in Malaysia, who are afflicted by poverty, conflict and poor health, are vulnerable to a range of zoonotic infections in the deprived environmental and social conditions under which they live. Exposure to infections such as leptospirosis, for which rodents are primary ho...

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Autores principales:	Izzah Ruzana Mohd Hanapi, Norhidayu Sahimin, Michael John Banuru Maackara, Aufa Shofia Annisa, Raisya Nur Syazmeen Abdul Mutalib, John W. Lewis, Jerzy M. Behnke, Yee Ling Lau, Siti Nursheena Mohd Zain
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Prevalence Leptospirosis Refugee IgG IgM Malaysia Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b5f6257beb574ca4be0ddfb894a5f048
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b5f6257beb574ca4be0ddfb894a5f0482021-11-08T11:18:24ZPrevalence of anti-Leptospira antibodies and associated risk factors in the Malaysian refugee communities10.1186/s12879-021-06830-01471-2334https://doaj.org/article/b5f6257beb574ca4be0ddfb894a5f0482021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06830-0https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2334Abstract Background Refugees in Malaysia, who are afflicted by poverty, conflict and poor health, are vulnerable to a range of zoonotic infections in the deprived environmental and social conditions under which they live. Exposure to infections such as leptospirosis, for which rodents are primary hosts, is of particular concern. Methods A wellness program was conducted to determine the presence of antibodies against Leptospira (seroprevalence) in 11 refugee community schools and centers in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. A total of 433 samples were assessed for IgG and IgM antibodies against Leptospira, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Results Overall Leptospira seroprevalence was 24.7%, with 3.0% being seropositive for anti-Leptospira IgG and 21.7% for anti-Leptospira IgM. Factors significantly associated with overall Leptospira seroprevalence included: age, ethnicity, pet ownership, knowledge of disease and awareness of disease fatality. For IgM seroprevalence, significant risk factors included sex, ethnicity, eating habits with hands, pet ownership, the presence of rats, walking in bare feet and water recreation visits. Conclusions These findings highlight the need for improvements in health and well-being among the refugee community through disease awareness programs and provision of healthy behavior programs, particularly in hygiene and sanitation through community engagement activities.Izzah Ruzana Mohd HanapiNorhidayu SahiminMichael John Banuru MaackaraAufa Shofia AnnisaRaisya Nur Syazmeen Abdul MutalibJohn W. LewisJerzy M. BehnkeYee Ling LauSiti Nursheena Mohd ZainBMCarticlePrevalenceLeptospirosisRefugeeIgGIgMMalaysiaInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENBMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Prevalence Leptospirosis Refugee IgG IgM Malaysia Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	Prevalence Leptospirosis Refugee IgG IgM Malaysia Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Izzah Ruzana Mohd Hanapi Norhidayu Sahimin Michael John Banuru Maackara Aufa Shofia Annisa Raisya Nur Syazmeen Abdul Mutalib John W. Lewis Jerzy M. Behnke Yee Ling Lau Siti Nursheena Mohd Zain Prevalence of anti-Leptospira antibodies and associated risk factors in the Malaysian refugee communities
description	Abstract Background Refugees in Malaysia, who are afflicted by poverty, conflict and poor health, are vulnerable to a range of zoonotic infections in the deprived environmental and social conditions under which they live. Exposure to infections such as leptospirosis, for which rodents are primary hosts, is of particular concern. Methods A wellness program was conducted to determine the presence of antibodies against Leptospira (seroprevalence) in 11 refugee community schools and centers in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. A total of 433 samples were assessed for IgG and IgM antibodies against Leptospira, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Results Overall Leptospira seroprevalence was 24.7%, with 3.0% being seropositive for anti-Leptospira IgG and 21.7% for anti-Leptospira IgM. Factors significantly associated with overall Leptospira seroprevalence included: age, ethnicity, pet ownership, knowledge of disease and awareness of disease fatality. For IgM seroprevalence, significant risk factors included sex, ethnicity, eating habits with hands, pet ownership, the presence of rats, walking in bare feet and water recreation visits. Conclusions These findings highlight the need for improvements in health and well-being among the refugee community through disease awareness programs and provision of healthy behavior programs, particularly in hygiene and sanitation through community engagement activities.
format	article
author	Izzah Ruzana Mohd Hanapi Norhidayu Sahimin Michael John Banuru Maackara Aufa Shofia Annisa Raisya Nur Syazmeen Abdul Mutalib John W. Lewis Jerzy M. Behnke Yee Ling Lau Siti Nursheena Mohd Zain
author_facet	Izzah Ruzana Mohd Hanapi Norhidayu Sahimin Michael John Banuru Maackara Aufa Shofia Annisa Raisya Nur Syazmeen Abdul Mutalib John W. Lewis Jerzy M. Behnke Yee Ling Lau Siti Nursheena Mohd Zain
author_sort	Izzah Ruzana Mohd Hanapi
title	Prevalence of anti-Leptospira antibodies and associated risk factors in the Malaysian refugee communities
title_short	Prevalence of anti-Leptospira antibodies and associated risk factors in the Malaysian refugee communities
title_full	Prevalence of anti-Leptospira antibodies and associated risk factors in the Malaysian refugee communities
title_fullStr	Prevalence of anti-Leptospira antibodies and associated risk factors in the Malaysian refugee communities
title_full_unstemmed	Prevalence of anti-Leptospira antibodies and associated risk factors in the Malaysian refugee communities
title_sort	prevalence of anti-leptospira antibodies and associated risk factors in the malaysian refugee communities
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b5f6257beb574ca4be0ddfb894a5f048
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Prevalence of anti-Leptospira antibodies and associated risk factors in the Malaysian refugee communities

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