Cryptococcus neoformans VNII as the Main Cause of Cryptococcosis in Domestic Cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Cryptococcosis is a systemic fungal disease acquired from contaminated environments with propagules of the basidiomycetous yeasts of the Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii species complexes. The C. neoformans species complex classically com...

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Autores principales:	Rosani Santos Reis, Isabel Cristina Fábregas Bonna, Isabela Maria da Silva Antonio, Sandro Antonio Pereira, Carlos Roberto Sobrinho do Nascimento, Fausto Klabund Ferraris, Fábio Brito-Santos, Isabella Dib Ferreira Gremião, Luciana Trilles
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	cryptococcosis domestic cats MLST molecular epidemiology Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b6271977fd8e41ce950869aaea8ae8e3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b6271977fd8e41ce950869aaea8ae8e32021-11-25T18:06:28Z<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> VNII as the Main Cause of Cryptococcosis in Domestic Cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil10.3390/jof71109802309-608Xhttps://doaj.org/article/b6271977fd8e41ce950869aaea8ae8e32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/11/980https://doaj.org/toc/2309-608XCryptococcosis is a systemic fungal disease acquired from contaminated environments with propagules of the basidiomycetous yeasts of the <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> and <i>C. gattii</i> species complexes. The <i>C. neoformans</i> species complex classically comprises four major molecular types (VNI, VNII, VNIII, and VNIV), and the <i>C. gattii</i> species complex comprises another four (VGI, VGII, VGIII, and VGIV) and the newly identified molecular type VGV. These major molecular types differ in their epidemiological and ecological features, clinical presentations, and therapeutic outcomes. Generally, the most common isolated types are VNI, VGI, and VGII. The epidemiological profile of cryptococcosis in domestic cats is poorly studied and cats can be the sentinels for human infections. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the molecular characterization of <i>Cryptococcus</i> spp. isolated from domestic cats and their dwellings in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 36 <i>Cryptococcus</i> spp. strains, both clinical and environmental, from 19 cats were subtyped using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The ploidy was identified using flow cytometry and the mating type was determined through amplification with specific pheromone primers. All strains were mating type alpha and 6/36 were diploid (all VNII). Most isolates (63.88%) were identified as VNII, a rare molecular type, leading to the consideration that this genotype is more likely related to skin lesions, since there was a high percentage (68.75%) of cats with skin lesions, which is also considered rare. Further studies regarding the molecular epidemiology of cryptococcosis in felines are still needed to clarify the reason for the large proportion of the rare molecular type VNII causing infections in cats.Rosani Santos ReisIsabel Cristina Fábregas BonnaIsabela Maria da Silva AntonioSandro Antonio PereiraCarlos Roberto Sobrinho do NascimentoFausto Klabund FerrarisFábio Brito-SantosIsabella Dib Ferreira GremiãoLuciana TrillesMDPI AGarticlecryptococcosisdomestic catsMLSTmolecular epidemiologyBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENJournal of Fungi, Vol 7, Iss 980, p 980 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cryptococcosis domestic cats MLST molecular epidemiology Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	cryptococcosis domestic cats MLST molecular epidemiology Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Rosani Santos Reis Isabel Cristina Fábregas Bonna Isabela Maria da Silva Antonio Sandro Antonio Pereira Carlos Roberto Sobrinho do Nascimento Fausto Klabund Ferraris Fábio Brito-Santos Isabella Dib Ferreira Gremião Luciana Trilles <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> VNII as the Main Cause of Cryptococcosis in Domestic Cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
description	Cryptococcosis is a systemic fungal disease acquired from contaminated environments with propagules of the basidiomycetous yeasts of the <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> and <i>C. gattii</i> species complexes. The <i>C. neoformans</i> species complex classically comprises four major molecular types (VNI, VNII, VNIII, and VNIV), and the <i>C. gattii</i> species complex comprises another four (VGI, VGII, VGIII, and VGIV) and the newly identified molecular type VGV. These major molecular types differ in their epidemiological and ecological features, clinical presentations, and therapeutic outcomes. Generally, the most common isolated types are VNI, VGI, and VGII. The epidemiological profile of cryptococcosis in domestic cats is poorly studied and cats can be the sentinels for human infections. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the molecular characterization of <i>Cryptococcus</i> spp. isolated from domestic cats and their dwellings in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 36 <i>Cryptococcus</i> spp. strains, both clinical and environmental, from 19 cats were subtyped using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The ploidy was identified using flow cytometry and the mating type was determined through amplification with specific pheromone primers. All strains were mating type alpha and 6/36 were diploid (all VNII). Most isolates (63.88%) were identified as VNII, a rare molecular type, leading to the consideration that this genotype is more likely related to skin lesions, since there was a high percentage (68.75%) of cats with skin lesions, which is also considered rare. Further studies regarding the molecular epidemiology of cryptococcosis in felines are still needed to clarify the reason for the large proportion of the rare molecular type VNII causing infections in cats.
format	article
author	Rosani Santos Reis Isabel Cristina Fábregas Bonna Isabela Maria da Silva Antonio Sandro Antonio Pereira Carlos Roberto Sobrinho do Nascimento Fausto Klabund Ferraris Fábio Brito-Santos Isabella Dib Ferreira Gremião Luciana Trilles
author_facet	Rosani Santos Reis Isabel Cristina Fábregas Bonna Isabela Maria da Silva Antonio Sandro Antonio Pereira Carlos Roberto Sobrinho do Nascimento Fausto Klabund Ferraris Fábio Brito-Santos Isabella Dib Ferreira Gremião Luciana Trilles
author_sort	Rosani Santos Reis
title	<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> VNII as the Main Cause of Cryptococcosis in Domestic Cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_short	<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> VNII as the Main Cause of Cryptococcosis in Domestic Cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_full	<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> VNII as the Main Cause of Cryptococcosis in Domestic Cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_fullStr	<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> VNII as the Main Cause of Cryptococcosis in Domestic Cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_full_unstemmed	<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> VNII as the Main Cause of Cryptococcosis in Domestic Cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
title_sort	<i>cryptococcus neoformans</i> vnii as the main cause of cryptococcosis in domestic cats from rio de janeiro, brazil
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b6271977fd8e41ce950869aaea8ae8e3
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<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> VNII as the Main Cause of Cryptococcosis in Domestic Cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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