Microscale and Mesoscale Aeolian Processes of Sandy Coastal Foredunes from Background to Extreme Conditions

Aeolian transport affects beach and foredune pre-storm morphologies, which directly contribute to storm responses. However, significant spatiotemporal variation exists within beach-dune systems regarding how biotic and abiotic factors affect topography. There are multiple metrics for quantifying top...

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Autores principales:	Bianca R. Charbonneau, Stephanie M. Dohner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	beach access path coastal management erosion and accretion plant presence/absence structure from motion (SfM) tropical and extra-tropical cyclones Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b62754dccc034e0982c64f91fad90996
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b62754dccc034e0982c64f91fad909962021-11-11T18:59:23ZMicroscale and Mesoscale Aeolian Processes of Sandy Coastal Foredunes from Background to Extreme Conditions10.3390/rs132144882072-4292https://doaj.org/article/b62754dccc034e0982c64f91fad909962021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4488https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292Aeolian transport affects beach and foredune pre-storm morphologies, which directly contribute to storm responses. However, significant spatiotemporal variation exists within beach-dune systems regarding how biotic and abiotic factors affect topography. There are multiple metrics for quantifying topographic change, with varying pros and cons, but understanding how a system changes across spatiotemporal scales relative to varying forcings is necessary to accurately model and more effectively manage these systems. Beach and foredune micro- and mesoscale elevation changes (Δ<i>z</i>) were quantified remotely and in situ across a mid-Atlantic coastal system. The microscale field collections consisted of 27 repeat measurements of 73 elevation pins located in vegetated, transitional, and unvegetated foredune microhabitats over three years (2015 to 2018) during seasonal, event-based, and background wind-condition collections. Unoccupied aerial System (UAS) surveys were collected to link microscale point Δ<i>z</i> to mesoscale topographic change. Microscale measurements highlight how Δ<i>z</i> varies more pre- to post-event than seasonally or monthly, but regardless of collection type (i.e., seasonal, monthly, or event-based), there was lower Δ<i>z</i> in the vegetated areas than in the associated unvegetated and partially vegetated microhabitats. Despite lower Δ<i>z</i> values per pin measurement, over the study duration, vegetated pins had a net elevation increase of ≈20 cm, whereas transitional and unvegetated microhabitats had much lower change, near-zero net gain. These results support vegetated microhabitats being more stable and having better sediment retention than unvegetated and transitional areas. Comparatively, mesoscale UAS surfaces typically overestimated Δ<i>z</i>, such that variation stemming from vegetation across microhabitats was obscured. However, these data highlight larger mesoscale habitat impacts that cannot be determined from point measurements regarding volumetric change and feature mapping. Changes in features, such as beach access paths, that are associated with increased dynamism are quantifiable using mesoscale remote sensing methods rather than microscale methods. Regardless of the metric, maintaining baseline data is critical for assessing what is captured and missed across spatiotemporal scales and is necessary for understanding the contributors to heterogeneous topographic change in sandy coastal foredunes.Bianca R. CharbonneauStephanie M. DohnerMDPI AGarticlebeach access pathcoastal managementerosion and accretionplant presence/absencestructure from motion (SfM)tropical and extra-tropical cyclonesScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4488, p 4488 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	beach access path coastal management erosion and accretion plant presence/absence structure from motion (SfM) tropical and extra-tropical cyclones Science Q
spellingShingle	beach access path coastal management erosion and accretion plant presence/absence structure from motion (SfM) tropical and extra-tropical cyclones Science Q Bianca R. Charbonneau Stephanie M. Dohner Microscale and Mesoscale Aeolian Processes of Sandy Coastal Foredunes from Background to Extreme Conditions
description	Aeolian transport affects beach and foredune pre-storm morphologies, which directly contribute to storm responses. However, significant spatiotemporal variation exists within beach-dune systems regarding how biotic and abiotic factors affect topography. There are multiple metrics for quantifying topographic change, with varying pros and cons, but understanding how a system changes across spatiotemporal scales relative to varying forcings is necessary to accurately model and more effectively manage these systems. Beach and foredune micro- and mesoscale elevation changes (Δ<i>z</i>) were quantified remotely and in situ across a mid-Atlantic coastal system. The microscale field collections consisted of 27 repeat measurements of 73 elevation pins located in vegetated, transitional, and unvegetated foredune microhabitats over three years (2015 to 2018) during seasonal, event-based, and background wind-condition collections. Unoccupied aerial System (UAS) surveys were collected to link microscale point Δ<i>z</i> to mesoscale topographic change. Microscale measurements highlight how Δ<i>z</i> varies more pre- to post-event than seasonally or monthly, but regardless of collection type (i.e., seasonal, monthly, or event-based), there was lower Δ<i>z</i> in the vegetated areas than in the associated unvegetated and partially vegetated microhabitats. Despite lower Δ<i>z</i> values per pin measurement, over the study duration, vegetated pins had a net elevation increase of ≈20 cm, whereas transitional and unvegetated microhabitats had much lower change, near-zero net gain. These results support vegetated microhabitats being more stable and having better sediment retention than unvegetated and transitional areas. Comparatively, mesoscale UAS surfaces typically overestimated Δ<i>z</i>, such that variation stemming from vegetation across microhabitats was obscured. However, these data highlight larger mesoscale habitat impacts that cannot be determined from point measurements regarding volumetric change and feature mapping. Changes in features, such as beach access paths, that are associated with increased dynamism are quantifiable using mesoscale remote sensing methods rather than microscale methods. Regardless of the metric, maintaining baseline data is critical for assessing what is captured and missed across spatiotemporal scales and is necessary for understanding the contributors to heterogeneous topographic change in sandy coastal foredunes.
format	article
author	Bianca R. Charbonneau Stephanie M. Dohner
author_facet	Bianca R. Charbonneau Stephanie M. Dohner
author_sort	Bianca R. Charbonneau
title	Microscale and Mesoscale Aeolian Processes of Sandy Coastal Foredunes from Background to Extreme Conditions
title_short	Microscale and Mesoscale Aeolian Processes of Sandy Coastal Foredunes from Background to Extreme Conditions
title_full	Microscale and Mesoscale Aeolian Processes of Sandy Coastal Foredunes from Background to Extreme Conditions
title_fullStr	Microscale and Mesoscale Aeolian Processes of Sandy Coastal Foredunes from Background to Extreme Conditions
title_full_unstemmed	Microscale and Mesoscale Aeolian Processes of Sandy Coastal Foredunes from Background to Extreme Conditions
title_sort	microscale and mesoscale aeolian processes of sandy coastal foredunes from background to extreme conditions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b62754dccc034e0982c64f91fad90996
work_keys_str_mv	AT biancarcharbonneau microscaleandmesoscaleaeolianprocessesofsandycoastalforedunesfrombackgroundtoextremeconditions AT stephaniemdohner microscaleandmesoscaleaeolianprocessesofsandycoastalforedunesfrombackgroundtoextremeconditions
_version_	1718431667190759424

Microscale and Mesoscale Aeolian Processes of Sandy Coastal Foredunes from Background to Extreme Conditions

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