Modeling of a CO<sub>2</sub>-Based Integrated Refrigeration System for Supermarkets

An integrated energy system that consists of a centralized refrigeration unit can deliver the entire HVAC&R (heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration) demand for a supermarket. CO<sub>2</sub> (R744) is a natural refrigerant that is becoming increasingly popular for t...

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Autores principales:	Ángel Á. Pardiñas, Michael Jokiel, Christian Schlemminger, Håkon Selvnes, Armin Hafner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Modelica dynamic modeling energy efficient CO<sub>2</sub> commercial refrigeration heat recovery integrated refrigeration system Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b64d071525914338ae9a3ca07966a5ea
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b64d071525914338ae9a3ca07966a5ea2021-11-11T15:45:28ZModeling of a CO<sub>2</sub>-Based Integrated Refrigeration System for Supermarkets10.3390/en142169261996-1073https://doaj.org/article/b64d071525914338ae9a3ca07966a5ea2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/6926https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073An integrated energy system that consists of a centralized refrigeration unit can deliver the entire HVAC&R (heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration) demand for a supermarket. CO<sub>2</sub> (R744) is a natural refrigerant that is becoming increasingly popular for these centralized units due to significant energy and cost savings, while also being sustainable, safe, and non-toxic. This study focuses on the fully integrated CO<sub>2</sub> refrigeration system configuration for a supermarket in Porto de Mos, Portugal, which was equipped and fully monitored through the EU-funded project MultiPACK. A dynamic system model was developed in Modelica and validated against measurement data from the site recorded for one week. The model is used to provide additional ejector performance data supporting the obtained measurement data and to evaluate the system configuration at equivalent boundary conditions. The simulation results show that the installation of a vapor ejector (high-pressure lift) is sufficient to improve the efficiency of the unit compared to an ejector-less (high-pressure valve) system. However, more notable enhancements are achieved by including additional flooded evaporation with liquid ejectors and smart regulation of the receiver pressure, adding up to a global efficiency increase of 15% if compared to the high-pressure valve system during the validation week.Ángel Á. PardiñasMichael JokielChristian SchlemmingerHåkon SelvnesArmin HafnerMDPI AGarticleModelicadynamic modelingenergy efficientCO<sub>2</sub> commercial refrigerationheat recoveryintegrated refrigeration systemTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 6926, p 6926 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Modelica dynamic modeling energy efficient CO<sub>2</sub> commercial refrigeration heat recovery integrated refrigeration system Technology T
spellingShingle	Modelica dynamic modeling energy efficient CO<sub>2</sub> commercial refrigeration heat recovery integrated refrigeration system Technology T Ángel Á. Pardiñas Michael Jokiel Christian Schlemminger Håkon Selvnes Armin Hafner Modeling of a CO<sub>2</sub>-Based Integrated Refrigeration System for Supermarkets
description	An integrated energy system that consists of a centralized refrigeration unit can deliver the entire HVAC&R (heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration) demand for a supermarket. CO<sub>2</sub> (R744) is a natural refrigerant that is becoming increasingly popular for these centralized units due to significant energy and cost savings, while also being sustainable, safe, and non-toxic. This study focuses on the fully integrated CO<sub>2</sub> refrigeration system configuration for a supermarket in Porto de Mos, Portugal, which was equipped and fully monitored through the EU-funded project MultiPACK. A dynamic system model was developed in Modelica and validated against measurement data from the site recorded for one week. The model is used to provide additional ejector performance data supporting the obtained measurement data and to evaluate the system configuration at equivalent boundary conditions. The simulation results show that the installation of a vapor ejector (high-pressure lift) is sufficient to improve the efficiency of the unit compared to an ejector-less (high-pressure valve) system. However, more notable enhancements are achieved by including additional flooded evaporation with liquid ejectors and smart regulation of the receiver pressure, adding up to a global efficiency increase of 15% if compared to the high-pressure valve system during the validation week.
format	article
author	Ángel Á. Pardiñas Michael Jokiel Christian Schlemminger Håkon Selvnes Armin Hafner
author_facet	Ángel Á. Pardiñas Michael Jokiel Christian Schlemminger Håkon Selvnes Armin Hafner
author_sort	Ángel Á. Pardiñas
title	Modeling of a CO<sub>2</sub>-Based Integrated Refrigeration System for Supermarkets
title_short	Modeling of a CO<sub>2</sub>-Based Integrated Refrigeration System for Supermarkets
title_full	Modeling of a CO<sub>2</sub>-Based Integrated Refrigeration System for Supermarkets
title_fullStr	Modeling of a CO<sub>2</sub>-Based Integrated Refrigeration System for Supermarkets
title_full_unstemmed	Modeling of a CO<sub>2</sub>-Based Integrated Refrigeration System for Supermarkets
title_sort	modeling of a co<sub>2</sub>-based integrated refrigeration system for supermarkets
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b64d071525914338ae9a3ca07966a5ea
work_keys_str_mv	AT angelapardinas modelingofacosub2subbasedintegratedrefrigerationsystemforsupermarkets AT michaeljokiel modelingofacosub2subbasedintegratedrefrigerationsystemforsupermarkets AT christianschlemminger modelingofacosub2subbasedintegratedrefrigerationsystemforsupermarkets AT hakonselvnes modelingofacosub2subbasedintegratedrefrigerationsystemforsupermarkets AT arminhafner modelingofacosub2subbasedintegratedrefrigerationsystemforsupermarkets
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Modeling of a CO<sub>2</sub>-Based Integrated Refrigeration System for Supermarkets

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