Waste-to-Energy: Production of Fuel Gases from Plastic Wastes

A new mechanochemical method was developed to convert polymer wastes, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), to fuel gases (H2, CH4, and CO) under ball-milling with KMnO4 at room temperature. By using...

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Autores principales:	Cheuk-Fai Chow, Chow-Shing Lam, Kai-Chung Lau, Cheng-Bin Gong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	ball-milling polymer degradation C-H bond activation hydrogen atom transfer Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b663fc507a7c40cbb6bef184ee2ecfa1
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:b663fc507a7c40cbb6bef184ee2ecfa1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b663fc507a7c40cbb6bef184ee2ecfa12021-11-11T18:43:24ZWaste-to-Energy: Production of Fuel Gases from Plastic Wastes10.3390/polym132136722073-4360https://doaj.org/article/b663fc507a7c40cbb6bef184ee2ecfa12021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/21/3672https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360A new mechanochemical method was developed to convert polymer wastes, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), to fuel gases (H<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and CO) under ball-milling with KMnO<sub>4</sub> at room temperature. By using various solid-state characterizations (XPS, SEM, EDS, FTIR, and NMR), and density functional theory calculations, it was found that the activation followed the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism. Two metal oxidant molecules were found to abstract two separate hydrogen atoms from the α–CH and β–CH units of substrates, [–<sub>β</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>–<sub>α</sub>CH(R)–]<i><sub>n</sub></i>, where R = H in PE, R = <sub>γ</sub>CH<sub>3</sub> in PP, and R = Cl in PVC, resulting in a di-radical, [–<sub>β</sub>CH<sup>•</sup>–<sub>α</sub>C<sup>•</sup>(R)–]. Subsequently, the two unpaired electrons of the di-radical were recombined into an alkene intermediate, [–<sub>β</sub>CH = <sub>α</sub>C(R)–], which underwent further oxidation to produce H<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and CO gases.Cheuk-Fai ChowChow-Shing LamKai-Chung LauCheng-Bin GongMDPI AGarticleball-millingpolymer degradationC-H bond activationhydrogen atom transferOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3672, p 3672 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ball-milling polymer degradation C-H bond activation hydrogen atom transfer Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	ball-milling polymer degradation C-H bond activation hydrogen atom transfer Organic chemistry QD241-441 Cheuk-Fai Chow Chow-Shing Lam Kai-Chung Lau Cheng-Bin Gong Waste-to-Energy: Production of Fuel Gases from Plastic Wastes
description	A new mechanochemical method was developed to convert polymer wastes, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), to fuel gases (H<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and CO) under ball-milling with KMnO<sub>4</sub> at room temperature. By using various solid-state characterizations (XPS, SEM, EDS, FTIR, and NMR), and density functional theory calculations, it was found that the activation followed the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism. Two metal oxidant molecules were found to abstract two separate hydrogen atoms from the α–CH and β–CH units of substrates, [–<sub>β</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>–<sub>α</sub>CH(R)–]<i><sub>n</sub></i>, where R = H in PE, R = <sub>γ</sub>CH<sub>3</sub> in PP, and R = Cl in PVC, resulting in a di-radical, [–<sub>β</sub>CH<sup>•</sup>–<sub>α</sub>C<sup>•</sup>(R)–]. Subsequently, the two unpaired electrons of the di-radical were recombined into an alkene intermediate, [–<sub>β</sub>CH = <sub>α</sub>C(R)–], which underwent further oxidation to produce H<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and CO gases.
format	article
author	Cheuk-Fai Chow Chow-Shing Lam Kai-Chung Lau Cheng-Bin Gong
author_facet	Cheuk-Fai Chow Chow-Shing Lam Kai-Chung Lau Cheng-Bin Gong
author_sort	Cheuk-Fai Chow
title	Waste-to-Energy: Production of Fuel Gases from Plastic Wastes
title_short	Waste-to-Energy: Production of Fuel Gases from Plastic Wastes
title_full	Waste-to-Energy: Production of Fuel Gases from Plastic Wastes
title_fullStr	Waste-to-Energy: Production of Fuel Gases from Plastic Wastes
title_full_unstemmed	Waste-to-Energy: Production of Fuel Gases from Plastic Wastes
title_sort	waste-to-energy: production of fuel gases from plastic wastes
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b663fc507a7c40cbb6bef184ee2ecfa1
work_keys_str_mv	AT cheukfaichow wastetoenergyproductionoffuelgasesfromplasticwastes AT chowshinglam wastetoenergyproductionoffuelgasesfromplasticwastes AT kaichunglau wastetoenergyproductionoffuelgasesfromplasticwastes AT chengbingong wastetoenergyproductionoffuelgasesfromplasticwastes
_version_	1718431782618005504

Waste-to-Energy: Production of Fuel Gases from Plastic Wastes

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