Evidence for UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenopteran Sirex noctilio (Siricidae)

Abstract A precondition for colour vision is the presence of at least two spectral types of photoreceptors in the eye. The order Hymenoptera is traditionally divided into the Apocrita (ants, bees, wasps) and the Symphyta (sawflies, woodwasps, horntails). Most apocritan species possess three differen...

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Autores principales:	Quentin Guignard, Johannes Spaethe, Bernard Slippers, Martin Strube-Bloss, Jeremy D. Allison
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b6aeac4a0f624c10a4867f2e2f4d4bad
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b6aeac4a0f624c10a4867f2e2f4d4bad2021-12-02T16:34:05ZEvidence for UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenopteran Sirex noctilio (Siricidae)10.1038/s41598-021-95107-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/b6aeac4a0f624c10a4867f2e2f4d4bad2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95107-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract A precondition for colour vision is the presence of at least two spectral types of photoreceptors in the eye. The order Hymenoptera is traditionally divided into the Apocrita (ants, bees, wasps) and the Symphyta (sawflies, woodwasps, horntails). Most apocritan species possess three different photoreceptor types. In contrast, physiological studies in the Symphyta have reported one to four photoreceptor types. To better understand the evolution of photoreceptor diversity in the Hymenoptera, we studied the Symphyta Sirex noctilio, which belongs to the superfamily Siricoidea, a closely related group of the Apocrita suborder. Our aim was to (i) identify the photoreceptor types of the compound eye by electroretinography (ERG), (ii) characterise the visual opsin genes of S. noctilio by genomic comparisons and phylogenetic analyses and (iii) analyse opsin mRNA expression. ERG measurements revealed two photoreceptor types in the compound eye, maximally sensitive to 527 and 364 nm. In addition, we identified three opsins in the genome, homologous to the hymenopteran green or long-wavelength sensitive (LW) LW1, LW2 and ultra-violet sensitive (UV) opsin genes. The LW1 and UV opsins were found to be expressed in the compound eyes, and LW2 and UV opsins in the ocelli. The lack of a blue or short-wavelength sensitive (SW) homologous opsin gene and a corresponding receptor suggests that S. noctilio is a UV-green dichromate.Quentin GuignardJohannes SpaetheBernard SlippersMartin Strube-BlossJeremy D. AllisonNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Quentin Guignard Johannes Spaethe Bernard Slippers Martin Strube-Bloss Jeremy D. Allison Evidence for UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenopteran Sirex noctilio (Siricidae)
description	Abstract A precondition for colour vision is the presence of at least two spectral types of photoreceptors in the eye. The order Hymenoptera is traditionally divided into the Apocrita (ants, bees, wasps) and the Symphyta (sawflies, woodwasps, horntails). Most apocritan species possess three different photoreceptor types. In contrast, physiological studies in the Symphyta have reported one to four photoreceptor types. To better understand the evolution of photoreceptor diversity in the Hymenoptera, we studied the Symphyta Sirex noctilio, which belongs to the superfamily Siricoidea, a closely related group of the Apocrita suborder. Our aim was to (i) identify the photoreceptor types of the compound eye by electroretinography (ERG), (ii) characterise the visual opsin genes of S. noctilio by genomic comparisons and phylogenetic analyses and (iii) analyse opsin mRNA expression. ERG measurements revealed two photoreceptor types in the compound eye, maximally sensitive to 527 and 364 nm. In addition, we identified three opsins in the genome, homologous to the hymenopteran green or long-wavelength sensitive (LW) LW1, LW2 and ultra-violet sensitive (UV) opsin genes. The LW1 and UV opsins were found to be expressed in the compound eyes, and LW2 and UV opsins in the ocelli. The lack of a blue or short-wavelength sensitive (SW) homologous opsin gene and a corresponding receptor suggests that S. noctilio is a UV-green dichromate.
format	article
author	Quentin Guignard Johannes Spaethe Bernard Slippers Martin Strube-Bloss Jeremy D. Allison
author_facet	Quentin Guignard Johannes Spaethe Bernard Slippers Martin Strube-Bloss Jeremy D. Allison
author_sort	Quentin Guignard
title	Evidence for UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenopteran Sirex noctilio (Siricidae)
title_short	Evidence for UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenopteran Sirex noctilio (Siricidae)
title_full	Evidence for UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenopteran Sirex noctilio (Siricidae)
title_fullStr	Evidence for UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenopteran Sirex noctilio (Siricidae)
title_full_unstemmed	Evidence for UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenopteran Sirex noctilio (Siricidae)
title_sort	evidence for uv-green dichromacy in the basal hymenopteran sirex noctilio (siricidae)
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b6aeac4a0f624c10a4867f2e2f4d4bad
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Evidence for UV-green dichromacy in the basal hymenopteran Sirex noctilio (Siricidae)

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