The Effect of Topical Oxygen Therapy in Horses Affected with Mycosis of the Guttural Pouch: An Experimental Pilot Study and a Case Series

<b>Background:</b> The management of bleeding originating from the guttural pouch (GP) has a high success rate, but the resolution of the macroscopic inflammatory lesions in the case of mycosis (GPM) is highly variable; the resolution of neurological disorders is inconstant and challengi...

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Autores principales:	Olivier M. Lepage, Paola Di Francesco, Nicolas Moulin, Monika Gangl, Gaëtan Texier, Joffrey Marchi, Jean-Luc Cadoré
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	guttural pouch mycosis topical oxygen therapy horse dysphagia transarterial coil embolization Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b6b733716ec449a3932a203768701e68
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b6b733716ec449a3932a203768701e682021-11-25T16:21:37ZThe Effect of Topical Oxygen Therapy in Horses Affected with Mycosis of the Guttural Pouch: An Experimental Pilot Study and a Case Series10.3390/ani111133292076-2615https://doaj.org/article/b6b733716ec449a3932a203768701e682021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3329https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615<b>Background:</b> The management of bleeding originating from the guttural pouch (GP) has a high success rate, but the resolution of the macroscopic inflammatory lesions in the case of mycosis (GPM) is highly variable; the resolution of neurological disorders is inconstant and challenging. <b>Objectives:</b> Our aim was to test the feasibility and safety of topical oxygen therapy (TOT) in horses after induction of GPM and in cases with naturally occurring disease. <b>Study design:</b> This study was an in vivo experimental and retrospective two-phase study. <b>Methods:</b> During phase 1, the pilot study, both GPs were inoculated with <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>. One GP was randomly assigned to receive one to four TOT 30 min sessions with 100% medical oxygen at 9 L/min. Follow-up endoscopic images were assessed for scoring macroscopic inflammatory lesions of the pharynx and both GPs. In phase 2, the clinical study, TOT was administered for 45 to 60 min at 15 L/min in six horses presenting with GPM. <b>Results:</b> In phase 1, TOT administration was easy to perform in the standing horse with no adverse effects. After more than two administrations, macroscopic inflammatory lesions decreased more quickly in size in the treated GP. In phase 2, horses were treated with TOT only (<i>n</i> = 1) or combined with a transarterial coil embolization (TACE) procedure (<i>n</i> = 5). After TOT and discharge from the hospital, nasal discharge resolved in three horses, and improvement was noted in the fourth one. Between days 2 and 10 after admission, upper respiratory tract endoscopy (URTE) indicated size reduction and alteration in the appearance of all the macroscopic inflammatory lesions. The partial or total recovery of neurological disorders (2/4 laryngeal hemiparesis, 3/5 dysphagia, 1/2 dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP), and 1/1 Horner’s syndrome) was recorded. <b>Main limitations:</b> In phase 1, the small number of horses did not allow for statistically significant conclusions; in phase 2, clinical signs at admission varied between horses, which made comparison difficult. <b>Conclusions:</b> In adult horses, TOT alone or in combination with TACE is feasible and safe with a propensity to reverse the course and the progression of inflammatory lesions without additional local or systemic treatment.Olivier M. LepagePaola Di FrancescoNicolas MoulinMonika GanglGaëtan TexierJoffrey MarchiJean-Luc CadoréMDPI AGarticleguttural pouchmycosistopical oxygen therapyhorsedysphagiatransarterial coil embolizationVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3329, p 3329 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	guttural pouch mycosis topical oxygen therapy horse dysphagia transarterial coil embolization Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	guttural pouch mycosis topical oxygen therapy horse dysphagia transarterial coil embolization Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Olivier M. Lepage Paola Di Francesco Nicolas Moulin Monika Gangl Gaëtan Texier Joffrey Marchi Jean-Luc Cadoré The Effect of Topical Oxygen Therapy in Horses Affected with Mycosis of the Guttural Pouch: An Experimental Pilot Study and a Case Series
description	<b>Background:</b> The management of bleeding originating from the guttural pouch (GP) has a high success rate, but the resolution of the macroscopic inflammatory lesions in the case of mycosis (GPM) is highly variable; the resolution of neurological disorders is inconstant and challenging. <b>Objectives:</b> Our aim was to test the feasibility and safety of topical oxygen therapy (TOT) in horses after induction of GPM and in cases with naturally occurring disease. <b>Study design:</b> This study was an in vivo experimental and retrospective two-phase study. <b>Methods:</b> During phase 1, the pilot study, both GPs were inoculated with <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i>. One GP was randomly assigned to receive one to four TOT 30 min sessions with 100% medical oxygen at 9 L/min. Follow-up endoscopic images were assessed for scoring macroscopic inflammatory lesions of the pharynx and both GPs. In phase 2, the clinical study, TOT was administered for 45 to 60 min at 15 L/min in six horses presenting with GPM. <b>Results:</b> In phase 1, TOT administration was easy to perform in the standing horse with no adverse effects. After more than two administrations, macroscopic inflammatory lesions decreased more quickly in size in the treated GP. In phase 2, horses were treated with TOT only (<i>n</i> = 1) or combined with a transarterial coil embolization (TACE) procedure (<i>n</i> = 5). After TOT and discharge from the hospital, nasal discharge resolved in three horses, and improvement was noted in the fourth one. Between days 2 and 10 after admission, upper respiratory tract endoscopy (URTE) indicated size reduction and alteration in the appearance of all the macroscopic inflammatory lesions. The partial or total recovery of neurological disorders (2/4 laryngeal hemiparesis, 3/5 dysphagia, 1/2 dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP), and 1/1 Horner’s syndrome) was recorded. <b>Main limitations:</b> In phase 1, the small number of horses did not allow for statistically significant conclusions; in phase 2, clinical signs at admission varied between horses, which made comparison difficult. <b>Conclusions:</b> In adult horses, TOT alone or in combination with TACE is feasible and safe with a propensity to reverse the course and the progression of inflammatory lesions without additional local or systemic treatment.
format	article
author	Olivier M. Lepage Paola Di Francesco Nicolas Moulin Monika Gangl Gaëtan Texier Joffrey Marchi Jean-Luc Cadoré
author_facet	Olivier M. Lepage Paola Di Francesco Nicolas Moulin Monika Gangl Gaëtan Texier Joffrey Marchi Jean-Luc Cadoré
author_sort	Olivier M. Lepage
title	The Effect of Topical Oxygen Therapy in Horses Affected with Mycosis of the Guttural Pouch: An Experimental Pilot Study and a Case Series
title_short	The Effect of Topical Oxygen Therapy in Horses Affected with Mycosis of the Guttural Pouch: An Experimental Pilot Study and a Case Series
title_full	The Effect of Topical Oxygen Therapy in Horses Affected with Mycosis of the Guttural Pouch: An Experimental Pilot Study and a Case Series
title_fullStr	The Effect of Topical Oxygen Therapy in Horses Affected with Mycosis of the Guttural Pouch: An Experimental Pilot Study and a Case Series
title_full_unstemmed	The Effect of Topical Oxygen Therapy in Horses Affected with Mycosis of the Guttural Pouch: An Experimental Pilot Study and a Case Series
title_sort	effect of topical oxygen therapy in horses affected with mycosis of the guttural pouch: an experimental pilot study and a case series
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b6b733716ec449a3932a203768701e68
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The Effect of Topical Oxygen Therapy in Horses Affected with Mycosis of the Guttural Pouch: An Experimental Pilot Study and a Case Series

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