First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens

<h4>Background</h4> Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is an IgE-mediated allergic dermatitis in horses incited by salivary allergens from Culicoides spp. IBH does not occur in Iceland, as the causative agents are absent, however a high prevalence is seen in horses exported to Culicoides...

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Autores principales:	Jasmin Birras, Samuel J. White, Sigridur Jonsdottir, Ella N. Novotny, Anja Ziegler, A. Douglas Wilson, Rebecka Frey, Sigurbjörg Torsteinsdottir, Marcos Alcocer, Eliane Marti
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b6b9baa470d54a50894c2c1488281b40
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b6b9baa470d54a50894c2c1488281b402021-11-25T05:54:27ZFirst clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/b6b9baa470d54a50894c2c1488281b402021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8592417/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4> Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is an IgE-mediated allergic dermatitis in horses incited by salivary allergens from Culicoides spp. IBH does not occur in Iceland, as the causative agents are absent, however a high prevalence is seen in horses exported to Culicoides-rich environments. <h4>Aims</h4> To study the natural course of sensitization to Culicoides allergens and identify the primary sensitizing allergen(s) in horses exported from Iceland utilizing a comprehensive panel of Culicoides recombinant (r-) allergens. <h4>Method</h4> IgE microarray profiling to 27 Culicoides r-allergens was conducted on 110 serological samples from horses imported to Switzerland from Iceland that subsequently developed IBH or remained healthy. Furthermore, a longitudinal study of 31 IBH horses determined IgE profiles the summer preceding first clinical signs of IBH (TIBH-1), the summer of first clinical signs (TIBH) and the following summer (TIBH+1). In a group of Icelandic horses residing in Sweden, effects of origin (born in Iceland or Sweden) and duration of IBH (<4 years, 4–7 years, >7 years) on Culicoides-specific IgE was evaluated. Sero-positivity rates and IgE levels were compared. <h4>Results</h4> At TIBH, horses were sensitized to a median of 11 r-allergens (range = 0–21), of which nine were major allergens. This was significantly higher than TIBH-1 (3, 0–16), as well as the healthy (1, 0–14) group. There was no significant increase between TIBH and TIBH+1(12, 0–23). IBH-affected horses exported from Iceland had a significantly higher degree of sensitization than those born in Europe, while duration of IBH did not significantly affect degree of sensitization. <h4>Conclusion</h4> Significant sensitization is only detected in serum the year of first clinical signs of IBH. Horses become sensitized simultaneously to multiple Culicoides r-allergens, indicating that IgE-reactivity is due to co-sensitization rather than cross-reactivity between Culicoides allergens. Nine major first sensitizing r-allergens have been identified, which could be used for preventive allergen immunotherapy.Jasmin BirrasSamuel J. WhiteSigridur JonsdottirElla N. NovotnyAnja ZieglerA. Douglas WilsonRebecka FreySigurbjörg TorsteinsdottirMarcos AlcocerEliane MartiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jasmin Birras Samuel J. White Sigridur Jonsdottir Ella N. Novotny Anja Ziegler A. Douglas Wilson Rebecka Frey Sigurbjörg Torsteinsdottir Marcos Alcocer Eliane Marti First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens
description	<h4>Background</h4> Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is an IgE-mediated allergic dermatitis in horses incited by salivary allergens from Culicoides spp. IBH does not occur in Iceland, as the causative agents are absent, however a high prevalence is seen in horses exported to Culicoides-rich environments. <h4>Aims</h4> To study the natural course of sensitization to Culicoides allergens and identify the primary sensitizing allergen(s) in horses exported from Iceland utilizing a comprehensive panel of Culicoides recombinant (r-) allergens. <h4>Method</h4> IgE microarray profiling to 27 Culicoides r-allergens was conducted on 110 serological samples from horses imported to Switzerland from Iceland that subsequently developed IBH or remained healthy. Furthermore, a longitudinal study of 31 IBH horses determined IgE profiles the summer preceding first clinical signs of IBH (TIBH-1), the summer of first clinical signs (TIBH) and the following summer (TIBH+1). In a group of Icelandic horses residing in Sweden, effects of origin (born in Iceland or Sweden) and duration of IBH (<4 years, 4–7 years, >7 years) on Culicoides-specific IgE was evaluated. Sero-positivity rates and IgE levels were compared. <h4>Results</h4> At TIBH, horses were sensitized to a median of 11 r-allergens (range = 0–21), of which nine were major allergens. This was significantly higher than TIBH-1 (3, 0–16), as well as the healthy (1, 0–14) group. There was no significant increase between TIBH and TIBH+1(12, 0–23). IBH-affected horses exported from Iceland had a significantly higher degree of sensitization than those born in Europe, while duration of IBH did not significantly affect degree of sensitization. <h4>Conclusion</h4> Significant sensitization is only detected in serum the year of first clinical signs of IBH. Horses become sensitized simultaneously to multiple Culicoides r-allergens, indicating that IgE-reactivity is due to co-sensitization rather than cross-reactivity between Culicoides allergens. Nine major first sensitizing r-allergens have been identified, which could be used for preventive allergen immunotherapy.
format	article
author	Jasmin Birras Samuel J. White Sigridur Jonsdottir Ella N. Novotny Anja Ziegler A. Douglas Wilson Rebecka Frey Sigurbjörg Torsteinsdottir Marcos Alcocer Eliane Marti
author_facet	Jasmin Birras Samuel J. White Sigridur Jonsdottir Ella N. Novotny Anja Ziegler A. Douglas Wilson Rebecka Frey Sigurbjörg Torsteinsdottir Marcos Alcocer Eliane Marti
author_sort	Jasmin Birras
title	First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens
title_short	First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens
title_full	First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens
title_fullStr	First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens
title_full_unstemmed	First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens
title_sort	first clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple culicoides allergens
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b6b9baa470d54a50894c2c1488281b40
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First clinical expression of equine insect bite hypersensitivity is associated with co-sensitization to multiple Culicoides allergens

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