Dismal Survival in COVID-19 Patients Requiring ECMO as Rescue Therapy after Corticosteroid Failure
<b>(1)</b> Background: COVID-19 may lead to refractory hypoxemia requiring venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Survival rate if ECMO is implemented as rescue therapy after corticosteroid failure is unknown. We aimed to investigate if ECMO implemented after failure of t...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/b6c67274e7494f4b9bce80ecc7e3023b |
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| Sumario: | <b>(1)</b> Background: COVID-19 may lead to refractory hypoxemia requiring venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Survival rate if ECMO is implemented as rescue therapy after corticosteroid failure is unknown. We aimed to investigate if ECMO implemented after failure of the full-recommended 10-day corticosteroid course can improve outcome. <b>(2)</b> Methods: We conducted a three-center cohort study including consecutive dexamethasone-treated COVID-19 patients requiring ECMO between 03/2020 and 05/2021. We compared survival at hospital discharge between patients implemented after (<i>ECMO-after</i> group) and before the end of the 10-day dexamethasone course (<i>ECMO-before</i> group). <b>(3)</b> Results: Forty patients (28M/12F; age, 57 years (51–62) (median (25th–75th percentiles)) were included, 28 (70%) in the <i>ECMO-before</i> and 12 (30%) in the <i>ECMO-after</i> group. In the <i>ECMO-before</i> group, 9/28 patients (32%) received the 6 mg/day dexamethasone regimen versus 12/12 (100%) in the <i>ECMO-after</i> group (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). The rest of the patients received an alternative dexamethasone regimen consisting of 20 mg/day during 5 days followed by 10 mg/day during 5 days. Patients in the <i>ECMO-before</i> group tended to be younger (57 years (51–59) versus 62 years (57–67), <i>p</i> = 0.053). In the <i>ECMO-after</i> group, no patient (0%) survived while 12 patients (43%) survived in the <i>ECMO-before</i> group (<i>p</i> = 0.007). <b>(4)</b> Conclusions: Survival is poor in COVID-19 patients requiring ECMO implemented after the full-recommended 10-day dexamethasone course. Since these patients may have developed a particularly severe presentation, new therapeutic strategies are urgently required. |
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