Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore

Sirtuins are deacetylase enzymes widely distributed in all domains of life. Although for decades they have been related only to histones deacetylation in eukaryotic organisms, today they are considered global regulators in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite the important role of sirtuins in hu...

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Autores principales:	Julia Gallego-Jara, Álvaro Ortega, Gema Lozano Terol, Rosa A. Sola Martínez, Manuel Cánovas Díaz, Teresa de Diego Puente
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	sirtuins bacteria deacetylation metabolism prokaryote Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b6f45b5065fd4566aba472349cefb98f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b6f45b5065fd4566aba472349cefb98f2021-11-05T16:20:02ZBacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore1664-302X10.3389/fmicb.2021.744416https://doaj.org/article/b6f45b5065fd4566aba472349cefb98f2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.744416/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-302XSirtuins are deacetylase enzymes widely distributed in all domains of life. Although for decades they have been related only to histones deacetylation in eukaryotic organisms, today they are considered global regulators in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite the important role of sirtuins in humans, the knowledge about bacterial sirtuins is still limited. Several proteomics studies have shown that bacterial sirtuins deacetylate a large number of lysines in vivo, although the effect that this deacetylation causes in most of them remains unknown. To date, only the regulation of a few bacterial sirtuin substrates has been characterized, being their metabolic roles widely distributed: carbon and nitrogen metabolism, DNA transcription, protein translation, or virulence. One of the most current topics on acetylation and deacetylation focuses on studying stoichiometry using quantitative LC-MS/MS. The results suggest that prokaryotic sirtuins deacetylate at low stoichiometry sites, although more studies are needed to know if it is a common characteristic of bacterial sirtuins and its biological significance. Unlike eukaryotic organisms, bacteria usually have one or few sirtuins, which have been reported to have closer phylogenetic similarity with the human Sirt5 than with any other human sirtuin. In this work, in addition to carrying out an in-depth review of the role of bacterial sirtuins in their physiology, a phylogenetic study has been performed that reveals the evolutionary differences between sirtuins of different bacterial species and even between homologous sirtuins.Julia Gallego-JaraÁlvaro OrtegaGema Lozano TerolRosa A. Sola MartínezManuel Cánovas DíazTeresa de Diego PuenteFrontiers Media S.A.articlesirtuinsbacteriadeacetylationmetabolismprokaryoteMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	sirtuins bacteria deacetylation metabolism prokaryote Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	sirtuins bacteria deacetylation metabolism prokaryote Microbiology QR1-502 Julia Gallego-Jara Álvaro Ortega Gema Lozano Terol Rosa A. Sola Martínez Manuel Cánovas Díaz Teresa de Diego Puente Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
description	Sirtuins are deacetylase enzymes widely distributed in all domains of life. Although for decades they have been related only to histones deacetylation in eukaryotic organisms, today they are considered global regulators in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite the important role of sirtuins in humans, the knowledge about bacterial sirtuins is still limited. Several proteomics studies have shown that bacterial sirtuins deacetylate a large number of lysines in vivo, although the effect that this deacetylation causes in most of them remains unknown. To date, only the regulation of a few bacterial sirtuin substrates has been characterized, being their metabolic roles widely distributed: carbon and nitrogen metabolism, DNA transcription, protein translation, or virulence. One of the most current topics on acetylation and deacetylation focuses on studying stoichiometry using quantitative LC-MS/MS. The results suggest that prokaryotic sirtuins deacetylate at low stoichiometry sites, although more studies are needed to know if it is a common characteristic of bacterial sirtuins and its biological significance. Unlike eukaryotic organisms, bacteria usually have one or few sirtuins, which have been reported to have closer phylogenetic similarity with the human Sirt5 than with any other human sirtuin. In this work, in addition to carrying out an in-depth review of the role of bacterial sirtuins in their physiology, a phylogenetic study has been performed that reveals the evolutionary differences between sirtuins of different bacterial species and even between homologous sirtuins.
format	article
author	Julia Gallego-Jara Álvaro Ortega Gema Lozano Terol Rosa A. Sola Martínez Manuel Cánovas Díaz Teresa de Diego Puente
author_facet	Julia Gallego-Jara Álvaro Ortega Gema Lozano Terol Rosa A. Sola Martínez Manuel Cánovas Díaz Teresa de Diego Puente
author_sort	Julia Gallego-Jara
title	Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
title_short	Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
title_full	Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
title_fullStr	Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
title_full_unstemmed	Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore
title_sort	bacterial sirtuins overview: an open niche to explore
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b6f45b5065fd4566aba472349cefb98f
work_keys_str_mv	AT juliagallegojara bacterialsirtuinsoverviewanopennichetoexplore AT alvaroortega bacterialsirtuinsoverviewanopennichetoexplore AT gemalozanoterol bacterialsirtuinsoverviewanopennichetoexplore AT rosaasolamartinez bacterialsirtuinsoverviewanopennichetoexplore AT manuelcanovasdiaz bacterialsirtuinsoverviewanopennichetoexplore AT teresadediegopuente bacterialsirtuinsoverviewanopennichetoexplore
_version_	1718444186417496064

Bacterial Sirtuins Overview: An Open Niche to Explore

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