Responses of JNK signaling pathway to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima in the mussel Perna viridis

Diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins are widely distributed over the world, causing diarrhea, vomiting, and even tumor in human. However, bivalves, the main carrier of the DSP toxins, have some tolerant mechanisms to DSP toxins, though it remains unclear. In this study, we scrutinized the role...

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Autores principales:	Jin-jin Lv, Kuan-kuan Yuan, Mi-yu Lu, Zheng-bing He, Hong-ye Li, Wei-dong Yang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Bivalve DSP toxins JNK Apoptosis Nrf2 Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b6f4e2433272437f95945650ffadeb72
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b6f4e2433272437f95945650ffadeb722021-11-06T04:16:26ZResponses of JNK signaling pathway to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima in the mussel Perna viridis0147-651310.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112905https://doaj.org/article/b6f4e2433272437f95945650ffadeb722021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321010174https://doaj.org/toc/0147-6513Diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins are widely distributed over the world, causing diarrhea, vomiting, and even tumor in human. However, bivalves, the main carrier of the DSP toxins, have some tolerant mechanisms to DSP toxins, though it remains unclear. In this study, we scrutinized the role of Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) in tolerance of DSP toxins and the relationship between JNK, apoptosis and nuclear factor E2-related factor/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) pathways. We found that the phosphorylated level of JNK protein was significantly increased both in hemocytes (6 h) and gills (3 h) of the mussel Perna viridis after short-term exposure to DSP toxins-producing dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima. Exposure of P. lima induced oxidative stress in mussels. Hemocytes and gills displayed different sensitivities to the cytotoxicity of DSP toxins. Exposure of P. lima activated caspase-3 and induced apoptosis in gills but did not induce caspase-3 and apoptosis in hemocytes. The short-term exposure of P. lima could activate Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in hemocytes (6 h), while longer-term exposure could induce glutathione reductase (GR) expression in hemocytes (96 h) and glutathione-S-transferases (GST) in gills (96 h). Based on the phylogenetic tree of Nrf2, Nrf2 in P. viridis was closely related to that in other mussels, especially Mytilus coruscus, but far from that in Mus musculus. The most likely phosphorylated site of Nrf2 in the mussels P. viridis is threonine 504 for JNK, which is different from that in M. musculus. Taken all together, the tolerant mechanism of P. viridis to DSP toxins might be involved in JNK and Nrf2/ARE signaling pathways, and JNK play a key role in the mechanism. Our findings provide a new clue to further understand tolerant mechanisms of bivalves to DSP toxins.Jin-jin LvKuan-kuan YuanMi-yu LuZheng-bing HeHong-ye LiWei-dong YangElsevierarticleBivalveDSP toxinsJNKApoptosisNrf2Environmental pollutionTD172-193.5Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol 227, Iss , Pp 112905- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Bivalve DSP toxins JNK Apoptosis Nrf2 Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	Bivalve DSP toxins JNK Apoptosis Nrf2 Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Jin-jin Lv Kuan-kuan Yuan Mi-yu Lu Zheng-bing He Hong-ye Li Wei-dong Yang Responses of JNK signaling pathway to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima in the mussel Perna viridis
description	Diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins are widely distributed over the world, causing diarrhea, vomiting, and even tumor in human. However, bivalves, the main carrier of the DSP toxins, have some tolerant mechanisms to DSP toxins, though it remains unclear. In this study, we scrutinized the role of Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) in tolerance of DSP toxins and the relationship between JNK, apoptosis and nuclear factor E2-related factor/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) pathways. We found that the phosphorylated level of JNK protein was significantly increased both in hemocytes (6 h) and gills (3 h) of the mussel Perna viridis after short-term exposure to DSP toxins-producing dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima. Exposure of P. lima induced oxidative stress in mussels. Hemocytes and gills displayed different sensitivities to the cytotoxicity of DSP toxins. Exposure of P. lima activated caspase-3 and induced apoptosis in gills but did not induce caspase-3 and apoptosis in hemocytes. The short-term exposure of P. lima could activate Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in hemocytes (6 h), while longer-term exposure could induce glutathione reductase (GR) expression in hemocytes (96 h) and glutathione-S-transferases (GST) in gills (96 h). Based on the phylogenetic tree of Nrf2, Nrf2 in P. viridis was closely related to that in other mussels, especially Mytilus coruscus, but far from that in Mus musculus. The most likely phosphorylated site of Nrf2 in the mussels P. viridis is threonine 504 for JNK, which is different from that in M. musculus. Taken all together, the tolerant mechanism of P. viridis to DSP toxins might be involved in JNK and Nrf2/ARE signaling pathways, and JNK play a key role in the mechanism. Our findings provide a new clue to further understand tolerant mechanisms of bivalves to DSP toxins.
format	article
author	Jin-jin Lv Kuan-kuan Yuan Mi-yu Lu Zheng-bing He Hong-ye Li Wei-dong Yang
author_facet	Jin-jin Lv Kuan-kuan Yuan Mi-yu Lu Zheng-bing He Hong-ye Li Wei-dong Yang
author_sort	Jin-jin Lv
title	Responses of JNK signaling pathway to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima in the mussel Perna viridis
title_short	Responses of JNK signaling pathway to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima in the mussel Perna viridis
title_full	Responses of JNK signaling pathway to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima in the mussel Perna viridis
title_fullStr	Responses of JNK signaling pathway to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima in the mussel Perna viridis
title_full_unstemmed	Responses of JNK signaling pathway to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima in the mussel Perna viridis
title_sort	responses of jnk signaling pathway to the toxic dinoflagellate prorocentrum lima in the mussel perna viridis
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b6f4e2433272437f95945650ffadeb72
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Responses of JNK signaling pathway to the toxic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum lima in the mussel Perna viridis

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