Adaptation to changes in higher-order stimulus statistics in the salamander retina.

Adaptation in the retina is thought to optimize the encoding of natural light signals into sequences of spikes sent to the brain. While adaptive changes in retinal processing to the variations of the mean luminance level and second-order stimulus statistics have been documented before, no such measu...

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Autores principales:	Gašper Tkačik, Anandamohan Ghosh, Elad Schneidman, Ronen Segev
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b6f6e394bb33422489a4f587ae5673c5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b6f6e394bb33422489a4f587ae5673c52021-11-18T08:36:56ZAdaptation to changes in higher-order stimulus statistics in the salamander retina.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0085841https://doaj.org/article/b6f6e394bb33422489a4f587ae5673c52014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24465742/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Adaptation in the retina is thought to optimize the encoding of natural light signals into sequences of spikes sent to the brain. While adaptive changes in retinal processing to the variations of the mean luminance level and second-order stimulus statistics have been documented before, no such measurements have been performed when higher-order moments of the light distribution change. We therefore measured the ganglion cell responses in the tiger salamander retina to controlled changes in the second (contrast), third (skew) and fourth (kurtosis) moments of the light intensity distribution of spatially uniform temporally independent stimuli. The skew and kurtosis of the stimuli were chosen to cover the range observed in natural scenes. We quantified adaptation in ganglion cells by studying linear-nonlinear models that capture well the retinal encoding properties across all stimuli. We found that the encoding properties of retinal ganglion cells change only marginally when higher-order statistics change, compared to the changes observed in response to the variation in contrast. By analyzing optimal coding in LN-type models, we showed that neurons can maintain a high information rate without large dynamic adaptation to changes in skew or kurtosis. This is because, for uncorrelated stimuli, spatio-temporal summation within the receptive field averages away non-gaussian aspects of the light intensity distribution.Gašper TkačikAnandamohan GhoshElad SchneidmanRonen SegevPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e85841 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Gašper Tkačik Anandamohan Ghosh Elad Schneidman Ronen Segev Adaptation to changes in higher-order stimulus statistics in the salamander retina.
description	Adaptation in the retina is thought to optimize the encoding of natural light signals into sequences of spikes sent to the brain. While adaptive changes in retinal processing to the variations of the mean luminance level and second-order stimulus statistics have been documented before, no such measurements have been performed when higher-order moments of the light distribution change. We therefore measured the ganglion cell responses in the tiger salamander retina to controlled changes in the second (contrast), third (skew) and fourth (kurtosis) moments of the light intensity distribution of spatially uniform temporally independent stimuli. The skew and kurtosis of the stimuli were chosen to cover the range observed in natural scenes. We quantified adaptation in ganglion cells by studying linear-nonlinear models that capture well the retinal encoding properties across all stimuli. We found that the encoding properties of retinal ganglion cells change only marginally when higher-order statistics change, compared to the changes observed in response to the variation in contrast. By analyzing optimal coding in LN-type models, we showed that neurons can maintain a high information rate without large dynamic adaptation to changes in skew or kurtosis. This is because, for uncorrelated stimuli, spatio-temporal summation within the receptive field averages away non-gaussian aspects of the light intensity distribution.
format	article
author	Gašper Tkačik Anandamohan Ghosh Elad Schneidman Ronen Segev
author_facet	Gašper Tkačik Anandamohan Ghosh Elad Schneidman Ronen Segev
author_sort	Gašper Tkačik
title	Adaptation to changes in higher-order stimulus statistics in the salamander retina.
title_short	Adaptation to changes in higher-order stimulus statistics in the salamander retina.
title_full	Adaptation to changes in higher-order stimulus statistics in the salamander retina.
title_fullStr	Adaptation to changes in higher-order stimulus statistics in the salamander retina.
title_full_unstemmed	Adaptation to changes in higher-order stimulus statistics in the salamander retina.
title_sort	adaptation to changes in higher-order stimulus statistics in the salamander retina.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/b6f6e394bb33422489a4f587ae5673c5
work_keys_str_mv	AT gaspertkacik adaptationtochangesinhigherorderstimulusstatisticsinthesalamanderretina AT anandamohanghosh adaptationtochangesinhigherorderstimulusstatisticsinthesalamanderretina AT eladschneidman adaptationtochangesinhigherorderstimulusstatisticsinthesalamanderretina AT ronensegev adaptationtochangesinhigherorderstimulusstatisticsinthesalamanderretina
_version_	1718421582744911872

Adaptation to changes in higher-order stimulus statistics in the salamander retina.

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