Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “<i>Metabolomic niche</i>” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest

Tropical forests are biodiversity hotspots, but it is not well understood how this diversity is structured and maintained. One hypothesis rests on the generation of a range of metabolic niches, with varied composition, supporting a high species diversity. Characterizing soil metabolomes can reveal f...

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Autores principales:	Albert Gargallo-Garriga, Jordi Sardans, Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei, Karel Klem, Lucia Fuchslueger, Irene Ramírez-Rojas, Julian Donald, Celine Leroy, Leandro Van Langenhove, Erik Verbruggen, Ivan A. Janssens, Otmar Urban, Josep Peñuelas
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	bacteria canopy soils epiphyte French Guiana metabolomics Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b71e59d7dd4e42e69eb38d318f6af702
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b71e59d7dd4e42e69eb38d318f6af7022021-11-25T18:20:25ZTree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “<i>Metabolomic niche</i>” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest10.3390/metabo111107182218-1989https://doaj.org/article/b71e59d7dd4e42e69eb38d318f6af7022021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/11/718https://doaj.org/toc/2218-1989Tropical forests are biodiversity hotspots, but it is not well understood how this diversity is structured and maintained. One hypothesis rests on the generation of a range of metabolic niches, with varied composition, supporting a high species diversity. Characterizing soil metabolomes can reveal fine-scale differences in composition and potentially help explain variation across these habitats. In particular, little is known about canopy soils, which are unique habitats that are likely to be sources of additional biodiversity and biogeochemical cycling in tropical forests. We studied the effects of diverse tree species and epiphytes on soil metabolomic profiles of forest floor and canopy suspended soils in a French Guianese rainforest. We found that the metabolomic profiles of canopy suspended soils were distinct from those of forest floor soils, differing between epiphyte-associated and non-epiphyte suspended soils, and the metabolomic profiles of suspended soils varied with host tree species, regardless of association with epiphyte. Thus, tree species is a key driver of rainforest suspended soil metabolomics. We found greater abundance of metabolites in suspended soils, particularly in groups associated with plants, such as phenolic compounds, and with metabolic pathways related to amino acids, nucleotides, and energy metabolism, due to the greater relative proportion of tree and epiphyte organic material derived from litter and root exudates, indicating a strong legacy of parent biological material. Our study provides evidence for the role of tree and epiphyte species in canopy soil metabolomic composition and in maintaining the high levels of soil metabolome diversity in this tropical rainforest. It is likely that a wide array of canopy microsite-level environmental conditions, which reflect interactions between trees and epiphytes, increase the microscale diversity in suspended soil metabolomes.Albert Gargallo-GarrigaJordi SardansAbdulwahed Fahad AlrefaeiKarel KlemLucia FuchsluegerIrene Ramírez-RojasJulian DonaldCeline LeroyLeandro Van LangenhoveErik VerbruggenIvan A. JanssensOtmar UrbanJosep PeñuelasMDPI AGarticlebacteriacanopy soilsepiphyteFrench GuianametabolomicsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENMetabolites, Vol 11, Iss 718, p 718 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bacteria canopy soils epiphyte French Guiana metabolomics Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	bacteria canopy soils epiphyte French Guiana metabolomics Microbiology QR1-502 Albert Gargallo-Garriga Jordi Sardans Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei Karel Klem Lucia Fuchslueger Irene Ramírez-Rojas Julian Donald Celine Leroy Leandro Van Langenhove Erik Verbruggen Ivan A. Janssens Otmar Urban Josep Peñuelas Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “<i>Metabolomic niche</i>” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest
description	Tropical forests are biodiversity hotspots, but it is not well understood how this diversity is structured and maintained. One hypothesis rests on the generation of a range of metabolic niches, with varied composition, supporting a high species diversity. Characterizing soil metabolomes can reveal fine-scale differences in composition and potentially help explain variation across these habitats. In particular, little is known about canopy soils, which are unique habitats that are likely to be sources of additional biodiversity and biogeochemical cycling in tropical forests. We studied the effects of diverse tree species and epiphytes on soil metabolomic profiles of forest floor and canopy suspended soils in a French Guianese rainforest. We found that the metabolomic profiles of canopy suspended soils were distinct from those of forest floor soils, differing between epiphyte-associated and non-epiphyte suspended soils, and the metabolomic profiles of suspended soils varied with host tree species, regardless of association with epiphyte. Thus, tree species is a key driver of rainforest suspended soil metabolomics. We found greater abundance of metabolites in suspended soils, particularly in groups associated with plants, such as phenolic compounds, and with metabolic pathways related to amino acids, nucleotides, and energy metabolism, due to the greater relative proportion of tree and epiphyte organic material derived from litter and root exudates, indicating a strong legacy of parent biological material. Our study provides evidence for the role of tree and epiphyte species in canopy soil metabolomic composition and in maintaining the high levels of soil metabolome diversity in this tropical rainforest. It is likely that a wide array of canopy microsite-level environmental conditions, which reflect interactions between trees and epiphytes, increase the microscale diversity in suspended soil metabolomes.
format	article
author	Albert Gargallo-Garriga Jordi Sardans Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei Karel Klem Lucia Fuchslueger Irene Ramírez-Rojas Julian Donald Celine Leroy Leandro Van Langenhove Erik Verbruggen Ivan A. Janssens Otmar Urban Josep Peñuelas
author_facet	Albert Gargallo-Garriga Jordi Sardans Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei Karel Klem Lucia Fuchslueger Irene Ramírez-Rojas Julian Donald Celine Leroy Leandro Van Langenhove Erik Verbruggen Ivan A. Janssens Otmar Urban Josep Peñuelas
author_sort	Albert Gargallo-Garriga
title	Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “<i>Metabolomic niche</i>” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest
title_short	Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “<i>Metabolomic niche</i>” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest
title_full	Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “<i>Metabolomic niche</i>” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest
title_fullStr	Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “<i>Metabolomic niche</i>” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest
title_full_unstemmed	Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “<i>Metabolomic niche</i>” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest
title_sort	tree species and epiphyte taxa determine the “<i>metabolomic niche</i>” of canopy suspended soils in a species-rich lowland tropical rainforest
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b71e59d7dd4e42e69eb38d318f6af702
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Tree Species and Epiphyte Taxa Determine the “<i>Metabolomic niche</i>” of Canopy Suspended Soils in a Species-Rich Lowland Tropical Rainforest

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