Sperm chromatin condensation as an in vivo fertility biomarker in bulls: a flow cytometry approach

Abstract Background Genetic selection in cattle has been directed to increase milk production. This, coupled to the fact that the vast majority of bovine artificial inseminations (AI) are performed using cryopreserved sperm, have led to a reduction of fertility rates over the years. Thus, seeking se...

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Autores principales:	Marc Llavanera, Jordi Ribas-Maynou, Ariadna Delgado-Bermúdez, Sandra Recuero, Rodrigo Muiño, Carlos O. Hidalgo, Carolina Tamargo, Sergi Bonet, Yentel Mateo-Otero, Marc Yeste
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Bull Chromatin Chromomycin A3 Condensation Fertility Flow cytometry Animal culture SF1-1100 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b71f702b36aa4592998b45b8176d227b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b71f702b36aa4592998b45b8176d227b2021-11-14T12:33:09ZSperm chromatin condensation as an in vivo fertility biomarker in bulls: a flow cytometry approach10.1186/s40104-021-00634-72049-1891https://doaj.org/article/b71f702b36aa4592998b45b8176d227b2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-021-00634-7https://doaj.org/toc/2049-1891Abstract Background Genetic selection in cattle has been directed to increase milk production. This, coupled to the fact that the vast majority of bovine artificial inseminations (AI) are performed using cryopreserved sperm, have led to a reduction of fertility rates over the years. Thus, seeking sensitive and specific sperm biomarkers able to predict fertility rates is of vital importance to improve cattle reproductive efficiency. In humans, sperm chromatin condensation evaluated through chromomycin A3 (CMA3) has recently been purported to be a powerful biomarker for sperm functional status and male infertility. The objectives of the present study were: a) to set up a flow cytometry method for simultaneously evaluating chromatin condensation and sperm viability, and b) to test whether this parameter could be used as a predictor of in vivo fertility in bulls. The study included pools of three independent cryopreserved ejaculates per bull from 25 Holstein males. Reproductive outcomes of each sire were determined by non-return rates, which were used to classify bulls into two groups (highly fertile and subfertile). Results Chromatin condensation status of bovine sperm was evaluated through the combination of CMA3 and Yo-Pro-1 staining and flow cytometry. Sperm quality parameters (morphology, viability, total and progressive motility) were also assessed. Pearson correlation coefficients and ROC curves were calculated to assess their capacity to predict in vivo fertility. Sperm morphology, viability and total motility presented an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.54, 0.64 and 0.68, respectively (P > 0.05), and thus were not able to discriminate between fertile and subfertile individuals. Alternatively, while the percentage of progressively motile sperm showed a significant predictive value, with an AUC of 0.73 (P = 0.05), CMA3/Yo-Pro-1 staining even depicted superior results for the prediction of in vivo fertility in bulls. Specifically, the percentage of viable sperm with poor chromatin condensation showed better accuracy and precision to predict in vivo fertility, with an AUC of 0.78 (P = 0.02). Conclusions Chromatin condensation evaluated through CMA3/Yo-Pro-1 and flow cytometry is defined here as a more powerful tool than conventional sperm parameters to predict bull in vivo fertility, with a potential ability to maximising the efficiency of dairy breeding industry.Marc LlavaneraJordi Ribas-MaynouAriadna Delgado-BermúdezSandra RecueroRodrigo MuiñoCarlos O. HidalgoCarolina TamargoSergi BonetYentel Mateo-OteroMarc YesteBMCarticleBullChromatinChromomycin A3CondensationFertilityFlow cytometryAnimal cultureSF1-1100Veterinary medicineSF600-1100ENJournal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Bull Chromatin Chromomycin A3 Condensation Fertility Flow cytometry Animal culture SF1-1100 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	Bull Chromatin Chromomycin A3 Condensation Fertility Flow cytometry Animal culture SF1-1100 Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Marc Llavanera Jordi Ribas-Maynou Ariadna Delgado-Bermúdez Sandra Recuero Rodrigo Muiño Carlos O. Hidalgo Carolina Tamargo Sergi Bonet Yentel Mateo-Otero Marc Yeste Sperm chromatin condensation as an in vivo fertility biomarker in bulls: a flow cytometry approach
description	Abstract Background Genetic selection in cattle has been directed to increase milk production. This, coupled to the fact that the vast majority of bovine artificial inseminations (AI) are performed using cryopreserved sperm, have led to a reduction of fertility rates over the years. Thus, seeking sensitive and specific sperm biomarkers able to predict fertility rates is of vital importance to improve cattle reproductive efficiency. In humans, sperm chromatin condensation evaluated through chromomycin A3 (CMA3) has recently been purported to be a powerful biomarker for sperm functional status and male infertility. The objectives of the present study were: a) to set up a flow cytometry method for simultaneously evaluating chromatin condensation and sperm viability, and b) to test whether this parameter could be used as a predictor of in vivo fertility in bulls. The study included pools of three independent cryopreserved ejaculates per bull from 25 Holstein males. Reproductive outcomes of each sire were determined by non-return rates, which were used to classify bulls into two groups (highly fertile and subfertile). Results Chromatin condensation status of bovine sperm was evaluated through the combination of CMA3 and Yo-Pro-1 staining and flow cytometry. Sperm quality parameters (morphology, viability, total and progressive motility) were also assessed. Pearson correlation coefficients and ROC curves were calculated to assess their capacity to predict in vivo fertility. Sperm morphology, viability and total motility presented an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.54, 0.64 and 0.68, respectively (P > 0.05), and thus were not able to discriminate between fertile and subfertile individuals. Alternatively, while the percentage of progressively motile sperm showed a significant predictive value, with an AUC of 0.73 (P = 0.05), CMA3/Yo-Pro-1 staining even depicted superior results for the prediction of in vivo fertility in bulls. Specifically, the percentage of viable sperm with poor chromatin condensation showed better accuracy and precision to predict in vivo fertility, with an AUC of 0.78 (P = 0.02). Conclusions Chromatin condensation evaluated through CMA3/Yo-Pro-1 and flow cytometry is defined here as a more powerful tool than conventional sperm parameters to predict bull in vivo fertility, with a potential ability to maximising the efficiency of dairy breeding industry.
format	article
author	Marc Llavanera Jordi Ribas-Maynou Ariadna Delgado-Bermúdez Sandra Recuero Rodrigo Muiño Carlos O. Hidalgo Carolina Tamargo Sergi Bonet Yentel Mateo-Otero Marc Yeste
author_facet	Marc Llavanera Jordi Ribas-Maynou Ariadna Delgado-Bermúdez Sandra Recuero Rodrigo Muiño Carlos O. Hidalgo Carolina Tamargo Sergi Bonet Yentel Mateo-Otero Marc Yeste
author_sort	Marc Llavanera
title	Sperm chromatin condensation as an in vivo fertility biomarker in bulls: a flow cytometry approach
title_short	Sperm chromatin condensation as an in vivo fertility biomarker in bulls: a flow cytometry approach
title_full	Sperm chromatin condensation as an in vivo fertility biomarker in bulls: a flow cytometry approach
title_fullStr	Sperm chromatin condensation as an in vivo fertility biomarker in bulls: a flow cytometry approach
title_full_unstemmed	Sperm chromatin condensation as an in vivo fertility biomarker in bulls: a flow cytometry approach
title_sort	sperm chromatin condensation as an in vivo fertility biomarker in bulls: a flow cytometry approach
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b71f702b36aa4592998b45b8176d227b
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Sperm chromatin condensation as an in vivo fertility biomarker in bulls: a flow cytometry approach

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