Challenges in Quantifying Cytosine Methylation in the HIV Provirus

ABSTRACT DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism most commonly associated with transcriptional repression. While it is clear that DNA methylation can silence HIV proviral expression in in vitro latency models, its correlation with HIV persistence and expression in vivo is ambiguous, particularly...

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Autores principales:	Sarah A. LaMere, Antoine Chaillon, Christina Huynh, Davey M. Smith, Sara Gianella
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	HIV latency cytosine methylation epigenetic silencing non-CpG methylation Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b7390ba0885f4d55bdc9305fde4be517
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b7390ba0885f4d55bdc9305fde4be5172021-11-15T15:55:14ZChallenges in Quantifying Cytosine Methylation in the HIV Provirus10.1128/mBio.02268-182150-7511https://doaj.org/article/b7390ba0885f4d55bdc9305fde4be5172019-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.02268-18https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism most commonly associated with transcriptional repression. While it is clear that DNA methylation can silence HIV proviral expression in in vitro latency models, its correlation with HIV persistence and expression in vivo is ambiguous, particularly in persons living with HIV (PLWH) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Several factors potentially contribute to discrepancies between results in the literature, including differences in integration sites, functional proviral load, sampling bias, and stochastic PCR amplification. Recent studies into genomic features of cytosine methylation sites in mammalian genes offer potentially significant insights into this mechanism. Here, we discuss the importance of these factors in the context of the HIV.Sarah A. LaMereAntoine ChaillonChristina HuynhDavey M. SmithSara GianellaAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleHIV latencycytosine methylationepigenetic silencingnon-CpG methylationMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 10, Iss 1 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	HIV latency cytosine methylation epigenetic silencing non-CpG methylation Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	HIV latency cytosine methylation epigenetic silencing non-CpG methylation Microbiology QR1-502 Sarah A. LaMere Antoine Chaillon Christina Huynh Davey M. Smith Sara Gianella Challenges in Quantifying Cytosine Methylation in the HIV Provirus
description	ABSTRACT DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism most commonly associated with transcriptional repression. While it is clear that DNA methylation can silence HIV proviral expression in in vitro latency models, its correlation with HIV persistence and expression in vivo is ambiguous, particularly in persons living with HIV (PLWH) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Several factors potentially contribute to discrepancies between results in the literature, including differences in integration sites, functional proviral load, sampling bias, and stochastic PCR amplification. Recent studies into genomic features of cytosine methylation sites in mammalian genes offer potentially significant insights into this mechanism. Here, we discuss the importance of these factors in the context of the HIV.
format	article
author	Sarah A. LaMere Antoine Chaillon Christina Huynh Davey M. Smith Sara Gianella
author_facet	Sarah A. LaMere Antoine Chaillon Christina Huynh Davey M. Smith Sara Gianella
author_sort	Sarah A. LaMere
title	Challenges in Quantifying Cytosine Methylation in the HIV Provirus
title_short	Challenges in Quantifying Cytosine Methylation in the HIV Provirus
title_full	Challenges in Quantifying Cytosine Methylation in the HIV Provirus
title_fullStr	Challenges in Quantifying Cytosine Methylation in the HIV Provirus
title_full_unstemmed	Challenges in Quantifying Cytosine Methylation in the HIV Provirus
title_sort	challenges in quantifying cytosine methylation in the hiv provirus
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/b7390ba0885f4d55bdc9305fde4be517
work_keys_str_mv	AT sarahalamere challengesinquantifyingcytosinemethylationinthehivprovirus AT antoinechaillon challengesinquantifyingcytosinemethylationinthehivprovirus AT christinahuynh challengesinquantifyingcytosinemethylationinthehivprovirus AT daveymsmith challengesinquantifyingcytosinemethylationinthehivprovirus AT saragianella challengesinquantifyingcytosinemethylationinthehivprovirus
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Challenges in Quantifying Cytosine Methylation in the HIV Provirus

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