STAT proteins: a kaleidoscope of canonical and non-canonical functions in immunity and cancer

Abstract STAT proteins represent an important family of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that play key roles in diverse biological processes, notably including blood and immune cell development and function. Classically, STAT proteins have been viewed as inducible activators of transcr...

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Autores principales:	Nagendra Awasthi, Clifford Liongue, Alister C. Ward
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	STAT JAK Cytokine Transcription factor Immunity Cancer Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs RC633-647.5 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b77538a809cf432fa5e70a478f2244e6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b77538a809cf432fa5e70a478f2244e62021-11-28T12:03:22ZSTAT proteins: a kaleidoscope of canonical and non-canonical functions in immunity and cancer10.1186/s13045-021-01214-y1756-8722https://doaj.org/article/b77538a809cf432fa5e70a478f2244e62021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-021-01214-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/1756-8722Abstract STAT proteins represent an important family of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that play key roles in diverse biological processes, notably including blood and immune cell development and function. Classically, STAT proteins have been viewed as inducible activators of transcription that mediate cellular responses to extracellular signals, particularly cytokines. In this ‘canonical’ paradigm, latent STAT proteins become tyrosine phosphorylated following receptor activation, typically via downstream JAK proteins, facilitating their dimerization and translocation into the nucleus where they bind to specific sequences in the regulatory region of target genes to activate transcription. However, growing evidence has challenged this paradigm and identified alternate ‘non-canonical’ functions, such as transcriptional repression and roles outside the nucleus, with both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated STATs involved. This review provides a revised framework for understanding the diverse kaleidoscope of STAT protein functional modalities. It further discusses the implications of this framework for our understanding of STAT proteins in normal blood and immune cell biology and diseases such as cancer, and also provides an evolutionary context to place the origins of these alternative functional modalities.Nagendra AwasthiClifford LiongueAlister C. WardBMCarticleSTATJAKCytokineTranscription factorImmunityCancerDiseases of the blood and blood-forming organsRC633-647.5Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENJournal of Hematology & Oncology, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	STAT JAK Cytokine Transcription factor Immunity Cancer Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs RC633-647.5 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	STAT JAK Cytokine Transcription factor Immunity Cancer Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs RC633-647.5 Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Nagendra Awasthi Clifford Liongue Alister C. Ward STAT proteins: a kaleidoscope of canonical and non-canonical functions in immunity and cancer
description	Abstract STAT proteins represent an important family of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that play key roles in diverse biological processes, notably including blood and immune cell development and function. Classically, STAT proteins have been viewed as inducible activators of transcription that mediate cellular responses to extracellular signals, particularly cytokines. In this ‘canonical’ paradigm, latent STAT proteins become tyrosine phosphorylated following receptor activation, typically via downstream JAK proteins, facilitating their dimerization and translocation into the nucleus where they bind to specific sequences in the regulatory region of target genes to activate transcription. However, growing evidence has challenged this paradigm and identified alternate ‘non-canonical’ functions, such as transcriptional repression and roles outside the nucleus, with both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated STATs involved. This review provides a revised framework for understanding the diverse kaleidoscope of STAT protein functional modalities. It further discusses the implications of this framework for our understanding of STAT proteins in normal blood and immune cell biology and diseases such as cancer, and also provides an evolutionary context to place the origins of these alternative functional modalities.
format	article
author	Nagendra Awasthi Clifford Liongue Alister C. Ward
author_facet	Nagendra Awasthi Clifford Liongue Alister C. Ward
author_sort	Nagendra Awasthi
title	STAT proteins: a kaleidoscope of canonical and non-canonical functions in immunity and cancer
title_short	STAT proteins: a kaleidoscope of canonical and non-canonical functions in immunity and cancer
title_full	STAT proteins: a kaleidoscope of canonical and non-canonical functions in immunity and cancer
title_fullStr	STAT proteins: a kaleidoscope of canonical and non-canonical functions in immunity and cancer
title_full_unstemmed	STAT proteins: a kaleidoscope of canonical and non-canonical functions in immunity and cancer
title_sort	stat proteins: a kaleidoscope of canonical and non-canonical functions in immunity and cancer
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b77538a809cf432fa5e70a478f2244e6
work_keys_str_mv	AT nagendraawasthi statproteinsakaleidoscopeofcanonicalandnoncanonicalfunctionsinimmunityandcancer AT cliffordliongue statproteinsakaleidoscopeofcanonicalandnoncanonicalfunctionsinimmunityandcancer AT alistercward statproteinsakaleidoscopeofcanonicalandnoncanonicalfunctionsinimmunityandcancer
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STAT proteins: a kaleidoscope of canonical and non-canonical functions in immunity and cancer

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