Exploring PM2.5 Environmental Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China

In China, air pollution, especially fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution, has become increasingly serious with the rapid economic growth that has occurred over the past 40 years. This paper aims to introduce PM2.5 pollution as a constraint in the environmental efficiency research framework thro...

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Autores principales:	Dongdong Ma, Guifang Li, Feng He
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	PM2.5 pollution environmental efficiency SBM-Undesirable-VRS model environmental regulations environmental Kuznets curve pollution haven Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b7ba15d399ef4a55b28bf2278c5873a3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b7ba15d399ef4a55b28bf2278c5873a32021-11-25T17:52:06ZExploring PM2.5 Environmental Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China10.3390/ijerph1822122181660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/b7ba15d399ef4a55b28bf2278c5873a32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/12218https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601In China, air pollution, especially fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution, has become increasingly serious with the rapid economic growth that has occurred over the past 40 years. This paper aims to introduce PM2.5 pollution as a constraint in the environmental efficiency research framework through the use of panel data covering the Chinese provinces from 2001–2018. PM2.5 environmental efficiency is measured with the slack-based measure (SBM)-Undesirable-variable returns-to-scale (VRS) model, and the results show that the average PM2.5 environmental efficiency score is 0.702, which indicates inefficiency, and is U-shaped over time. The PM2.5 environmental efficiency scores are unbalanced across the eight regions and 30 provinces of China. Additionally, the relationship between PM2.5 environmental efficiency and its influencing factors is examined with a tobit model, and the empirical findings indicate that the relationship between economic development and PM2.5 environmental efficiency is an inverted U, which is the opposite of the traditional environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). In addition, technological innovation, trade dependency, and regional development each have a significantly positive effect on PM2.5 environmental efficiency. However, environmental regulations, the industrial structure, and population density have significantly negative effects on PM2.5 environmental efficiency. Finally, this paper fails to prove that foreign direct investment (FDI) has created a PM2.5 “pollution haven” in China.Dongdong MaGuifang LiFeng HeMDPI AGarticlePM2.5 pollutionenvironmental efficiencySBM-Undesirable-VRS modelenvironmental regulationsenvironmental Kuznets curvepollution havenMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 12218, p 12218 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	PM2.5 pollution environmental efficiency SBM-Undesirable-VRS model environmental regulations environmental Kuznets curve pollution haven Medicine R
spellingShingle	PM2.5 pollution environmental efficiency SBM-Undesirable-VRS model environmental regulations environmental Kuznets curve pollution haven Medicine R Dongdong Ma Guifang Li Feng He Exploring PM2.5 Environmental Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China
description	In China, air pollution, especially fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution, has become increasingly serious with the rapid economic growth that has occurred over the past 40 years. This paper aims to introduce PM2.5 pollution as a constraint in the environmental efficiency research framework through the use of panel data covering the Chinese provinces from 2001–2018. PM2.5 environmental efficiency is measured with the slack-based measure (SBM)-Undesirable-variable returns-to-scale (VRS) model, and the results show that the average PM2.5 environmental efficiency score is 0.702, which indicates inefficiency, and is U-shaped over time. The PM2.5 environmental efficiency scores are unbalanced across the eight regions and 30 provinces of China. Additionally, the relationship between PM2.5 environmental efficiency and its influencing factors is examined with a tobit model, and the empirical findings indicate that the relationship between economic development and PM2.5 environmental efficiency is an inverted U, which is the opposite of the traditional environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). In addition, technological innovation, trade dependency, and regional development each have a significantly positive effect on PM2.5 environmental efficiency. However, environmental regulations, the industrial structure, and population density have significantly negative effects on PM2.5 environmental efficiency. Finally, this paper fails to prove that foreign direct investment (FDI) has created a PM2.5 “pollution haven” in China.
format	article
author	Dongdong Ma Guifang Li Feng He
author_facet	Dongdong Ma Guifang Li Feng He
author_sort	Dongdong Ma
title	Exploring PM2.5 Environmental Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China
title_short	Exploring PM2.5 Environmental Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China
title_full	Exploring PM2.5 Environmental Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China
title_fullStr	Exploring PM2.5 Environmental Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China
title_full_unstemmed	Exploring PM2.5 Environmental Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China
title_sort	exploring pm2.5 environmental efficiency and its influencing factors in china
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b7ba15d399ef4a55b28bf2278c5873a3
work_keys_str_mv	AT dongdongma exploringpm25environmentalefficiencyanditsinfluencingfactorsinchina AT guifangli exploringpm25environmentalefficiencyanditsinfluencingfactorsinchina AT fenghe exploringpm25environmentalefficiencyanditsinfluencingfactorsinchina
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Exploring PM2.5 Environmental Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China

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