Prevalence and characteristics of ventricular septal defects in a non‐racehorse equine population (2008‐2019)

Abstract Background Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are the most common congenital cardiac defect in horses. Objectives To identify prevalence, age, breed, and sex distribution of VSD and to describe associated clinical and ultrasonographic findings. Animals Hospital‐based population of 21 136 hor...

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Autores principales:	Lisa De Lange, Lisse Vera, Annelies Decloedt, Glenn Van Steenkiste, Ingrid Vernemmen, Gunther vanLoon
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	cardiology congenital heart disease echocardiography horses interventricular septum Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b7c28e6e615e4c60925f2834fd85f7a6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b7c28e6e615e4c60925f2834fd85f7a62021-11-30T17:01:05ZPrevalence and characteristics of ventricular septal defects in a non‐racehorse equine population (2008‐2019)1939-16760891-664010.1111/jvim.16106https://doaj.org/article/b7c28e6e615e4c60925f2834fd85f7a62021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16106https://doaj.org/toc/0891-6640https://doaj.org/toc/1939-1676Abstract Background Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are the most common congenital cardiac defect in horses. Objectives To identify prevalence, age, breed, and sex distribution of VSD and to describe associated clinical and ultrasonographic findings. Animals Hospital‐based population of 21 136 horses presented to the equine internal medicine department. Methods Medical records over a 12‐year period were reviewed for VSD confirmed by ultrasonography. Age, breed, sex, sport discipline, murmur, clinical signs, outcome, VSD type, VSD size, shunt velocity, cardiac dimensions, concomitant cardiac anomalies, and valvular regurgitations were recorded. Results From 1894 horses that underwent echocardiography, 54 had a VSD: 42 as an isolated lesion and 12 as part of complex congenital heart disease (CHD). Median age was 5 years (range, 0‐26) and 1 year (range, 0‐8), respectively. Warmbloods and males were overrepresented. In the isolated VSD group, only 15% had associated clinical signs and most horses had a perimembranous VSD (pmVSD; 36/42). Horses with a pmVSD and clinical signs showed a significantly lower maximal shunt velocity (3.77 vs 5.20 m/s; P < .001), higher VSD/Aortic root (Ao) diameter (0.52 vs 0.38; P = .05), higher left atrium/Ao diameter (1.94 vs 1.22; P < .001), and higher pulmonary artery/Ao diameter (1.15 vs 0.88; P = .005) compared to horses without clinical signs. All horses with complex CHD had clinical signs and abnormal cardiac dimensions. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Most isolated VSD were diagnosed only at a later age and were not associated with clinical signs. Horses with complex CHD were more likely to have or develop clinical signs at younger age.Lisa De LangeLisse VeraAnnelies DecloedtGlenn Van SteenkisteIngrid VernemmenGunther vanLoonWileyarticlecardiologycongenital heart diseaseechocardiographyhorsesinterventricular septumVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol 35, Iss 3, Pp 1573-1581 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cardiology congenital heart disease echocardiography horses interventricular septum Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	cardiology congenital heart disease echocardiography horses interventricular septum Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Lisa De Lange Lisse Vera Annelies Decloedt Glenn Van Steenkiste Ingrid Vernemmen Gunther vanLoon Prevalence and characteristics of ventricular septal defects in a non‐racehorse equine population (2008‐2019)
description	Abstract Background Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are the most common congenital cardiac defect in horses. Objectives To identify prevalence, age, breed, and sex distribution of VSD and to describe associated clinical and ultrasonographic findings. Animals Hospital‐based population of 21 136 horses presented to the equine internal medicine department. Methods Medical records over a 12‐year period were reviewed for VSD confirmed by ultrasonography. Age, breed, sex, sport discipline, murmur, clinical signs, outcome, VSD type, VSD size, shunt velocity, cardiac dimensions, concomitant cardiac anomalies, and valvular regurgitations were recorded. Results From 1894 horses that underwent echocardiography, 54 had a VSD: 42 as an isolated lesion and 12 as part of complex congenital heart disease (CHD). Median age was 5 years (range, 0‐26) and 1 year (range, 0‐8), respectively. Warmbloods and males were overrepresented. In the isolated VSD group, only 15% had associated clinical signs and most horses had a perimembranous VSD (pmVSD; 36/42). Horses with a pmVSD and clinical signs showed a significantly lower maximal shunt velocity (3.77 vs 5.20 m/s; P < .001), higher VSD/Aortic root (Ao) diameter (0.52 vs 0.38; P = .05), higher left atrium/Ao diameter (1.94 vs 1.22; P < .001), and higher pulmonary artery/Ao diameter (1.15 vs 0.88; P = .005) compared to horses without clinical signs. All horses with complex CHD had clinical signs and abnormal cardiac dimensions. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Most isolated VSD were diagnosed only at a later age and were not associated with clinical signs. Horses with complex CHD were more likely to have or develop clinical signs at younger age.
format	article
author	Lisa De Lange Lisse Vera Annelies Decloedt Glenn Van Steenkiste Ingrid Vernemmen Gunther vanLoon
author_facet	Lisa De Lange Lisse Vera Annelies Decloedt Glenn Van Steenkiste Ingrid Vernemmen Gunther vanLoon
author_sort	Lisa De Lange
title	Prevalence and characteristics of ventricular septal defects in a non‐racehorse equine population (2008‐2019)
title_short	Prevalence and characteristics of ventricular septal defects in a non‐racehorse equine population (2008‐2019)
title_full	Prevalence and characteristics of ventricular septal defects in a non‐racehorse equine population (2008‐2019)
title_fullStr	Prevalence and characteristics of ventricular septal defects in a non‐racehorse equine population (2008‐2019)
title_full_unstemmed	Prevalence and characteristics of ventricular septal defects in a non‐racehorse equine population (2008‐2019)
title_sort	prevalence and characteristics of ventricular septal defects in a non‐racehorse equine population (2008‐2019)
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b7c28e6e615e4c60925f2834fd85f7a6
work_keys_str_mv	AT lisadelange prevalenceandcharacteristicsofventricularseptaldefectsinanonracehorseequinepopulation20082019 AT lissevera prevalenceandcharacteristicsofventricularseptaldefectsinanonracehorseequinepopulation20082019 AT anneliesdecloedt prevalenceandcharacteristicsofventricularseptaldefectsinanonracehorseequinepopulation20082019 AT glennvansteenkiste prevalenceandcharacteristicsofventricularseptaldefectsinanonracehorseequinepopulation20082019 AT ingridvernemmen prevalenceandcharacteristicsofventricularseptaldefectsinanonracehorseequinepopulation20082019 AT gunthervanloon prevalenceandcharacteristicsofventricularseptaldefectsinanonracehorseequinepopulation20082019
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Prevalence and characteristics of ventricular septal defects in a non‐racehorse equine population (2008‐2019)

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