Maternal Swimming Exercise During Pregnancy Improves Memory Through Enhancing Neurogenesis and Suppressing Apoptosis via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Autistic Mice

Purpose Wnt pathway is closely related to neurodevelopmental process associated with cognitive function. After administration of valproic acid to the pregnant mice, the effect of swimming exercise of pregnant mice on the memory, neuronal production, and apoptosis of pups was studied in relation with...

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Autores principales:	Sang-Seo Park, Chang-Ju Kim, Seong-Hyun Kim, Tae-Woon Kim, Sam-Jun Lee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Korean Continence Society 2021
Materias:	autism swimming memory wnt/β-catenin pathway apoptosis Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology RC870-923
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b7cd27c710f44b58a7999cab373aafed
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b7cd27c710f44b58a7999cab373aafed2021-11-30T04:10:47ZMaternal Swimming Exercise During Pregnancy Improves Memory Through Enhancing Neurogenesis and Suppressing Apoptosis via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Autistic Mice2093-47772093-693110.5213/inj.2142338.169https://doaj.org/article/b7cd27c710f44b58a7999cab373aafed2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.einj.org/upload/pdf/inj-2142338-169.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2093-4777https://doaj.org/toc/2093-6931Purpose Wnt pathway is closely related to neurodevelopmental process associated with cognitive function. After administration of valproic acid to the pregnant mice, the effect of swimming exercise of pregnant mice on the memory, neuronal production, and apoptosis of pups was studied in relation with Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods On day 12 of pregnancy, mice were injected subcutaneously with 400-mg/kg valproic acid. The pregnant mice in the control with swimming exercise group and in the valproic acid injection with swimming exercise group were allowed for swimming for 30 minutes one time per a day, repeated 5 days per a week, during 3 weeks. Step-through avoidance task and Morris water maze task for memory function, immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive cells and western blot for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Wnt, β-catenin, Bcl-2 related X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cleaved caspase-3 were carried out. Results Maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy improved memory function, increased BDNF expression, and neuronal proliferation in the valproic acid injected pups. Maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy suppressed Wnt expression and phosphorylation of β-catenin in the valproic acid injected pups. Maternal swimming exercise inhibited Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression and increased Bcl-2 expression in the valproic acid injected pups. Conclusions Maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy improved memory function by increasing cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis through Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade activation in the valproic acid injected pups. Maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy may have a protective effect on factors that induce autism in the fetus.Sang-Seo ParkChang-Ju KimSeong-Hyun KimTae-Woon KimSam-Jun LeeKorean Continence Societyarticleautismswimmingmemorywnt/β-catenin pathwayapoptosisDiseases of the genitourinary system. UrologyRC870-923ENInternational Neurourology Journal, Vol 25, Iss Suppl 2, Pp S63-71 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	autism swimming memory wnt/β-catenin pathway apoptosis Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology RC870-923
spellingShingle	autism swimming memory wnt/β-catenin pathway apoptosis Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology RC870-923 Sang-Seo Park Chang-Ju Kim Seong-Hyun Kim Tae-Woon Kim Sam-Jun Lee Maternal Swimming Exercise During Pregnancy Improves Memory Through Enhancing Neurogenesis and Suppressing Apoptosis via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Autistic Mice
description	Purpose Wnt pathway is closely related to neurodevelopmental process associated with cognitive function. After administration of valproic acid to the pregnant mice, the effect of swimming exercise of pregnant mice on the memory, neuronal production, and apoptosis of pups was studied in relation with Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods On day 12 of pregnancy, mice were injected subcutaneously with 400-mg/kg valproic acid. The pregnant mice in the control with swimming exercise group and in the valproic acid injection with swimming exercise group were allowed for swimming for 30 minutes one time per a day, repeated 5 days per a week, during 3 weeks. Step-through avoidance task and Morris water maze task for memory function, immunohistochemistry for 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive cells and western blot for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Wnt, β-catenin, Bcl-2 related X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cleaved caspase-3 were carried out. Results Maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy improved memory function, increased BDNF expression, and neuronal proliferation in the valproic acid injected pups. Maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy suppressed Wnt expression and phosphorylation of β-catenin in the valproic acid injected pups. Maternal swimming exercise inhibited Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression and increased Bcl-2 expression in the valproic acid injected pups. Conclusions Maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy improved memory function by increasing cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis through Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade activation in the valproic acid injected pups. Maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy may have a protective effect on factors that induce autism in the fetus.
format	article
author	Sang-Seo Park Chang-Ju Kim Seong-Hyun Kim Tae-Woon Kim Sam-Jun Lee
author_facet	Sang-Seo Park Chang-Ju Kim Seong-Hyun Kim Tae-Woon Kim Sam-Jun Lee
author_sort	Sang-Seo Park
title	Maternal Swimming Exercise During Pregnancy Improves Memory Through Enhancing Neurogenesis and Suppressing Apoptosis via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Autistic Mice
title_short	Maternal Swimming Exercise During Pregnancy Improves Memory Through Enhancing Neurogenesis and Suppressing Apoptosis via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Autistic Mice
title_full	Maternal Swimming Exercise During Pregnancy Improves Memory Through Enhancing Neurogenesis and Suppressing Apoptosis via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Autistic Mice
title_fullStr	Maternal Swimming Exercise During Pregnancy Improves Memory Through Enhancing Neurogenesis and Suppressing Apoptosis via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Autistic Mice
title_full_unstemmed	Maternal Swimming Exercise During Pregnancy Improves Memory Through Enhancing Neurogenesis and Suppressing Apoptosis via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Autistic Mice
title_sort	maternal swimming exercise during pregnancy improves memory through enhancing neurogenesis and suppressing apoptosis via wnt/β-catenin pathway in autistic mice
publisher	Korean Continence Society
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b7cd27c710f44b58a7999cab373aafed
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Maternal Swimming Exercise During Pregnancy Improves Memory Through Enhancing Neurogenesis and Suppressing Apoptosis via Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Autistic Mice

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