Comparison of resting-state spontaneous brain activity between treatment-naive schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder

Abstract Background Schizophrenia (SZ) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) share many demographic characteristics and severity of clinical symptoms, genetic risk factors, pathophysiological underpinnings, and brain structure and function. However, the differences in the spontaneous brain activit...

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Autores principales:	Xiao-Man Yu, Lin-Lin Qiu, Hai-Xia Huang, Xiang Zuo, Zhen-He Zhou, Shuai Wang, Hai-Sheng Liu, Lin Tian
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Schizophrenia Obsessive-compulsive disorder Resting-state fMRI Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation Degree centrality Regional homogeneity Psychiatry RC435-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b7d98fb0093f4943a6a053cc8afc4533
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:b7d98fb0093f4943a6a053cc8afc4533
record_format	dspace
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Schizophrenia Obsessive-compulsive disorder Resting-state fMRI Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation Degree centrality Regional homogeneity Psychiatry RC435-571
spellingShingle	Schizophrenia Obsessive-compulsive disorder Resting-state fMRI Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation Degree centrality Regional homogeneity Psychiatry RC435-571 Xiao-Man Yu Lin-Lin Qiu Hai-Xia Huang Xiang Zuo Zhen-He Zhou Shuai Wang Hai-Sheng Liu Lin Tian Comparison of resting-state spontaneous brain activity between treatment-naive schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder
description	Abstract Background Schizophrenia (SZ) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) share many demographic characteristics and severity of clinical symptoms, genetic risk factors, pathophysiological underpinnings, and brain structure and function. However, the differences in the spontaneous brain activity patterns between the two diseases remain unclear. Here this study aimed to compare the features of intrinsic brain activity in treatment-naive participants with SZ and OCD and to explore the relationship between spontaneous brain activity and the severity of symptoms. Methods In this study, 22 treatment-naive participants with SZ, 27 treatment-naive participants with OCD, and sixty healthy controls (HC) underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo) and degree of centrality (DC) were performed to examine the intrinsic brain activity of participants. Additionally, the relationships among spontaneous brain activity, the severity of symptoms, and the duration of illness were explored in SZ and OCD groups. Results Compared with SZ group and HC group, participants with OCD had significantly higher ALFF in the right angular gyrus and the left middle frontal gyrus/precentral gyrus and significantly lower ALFF in the left superior temporal gyrus/insula/rolandic operculum and the left postcentral gyrus, while there was no significant difference in ALFF between SZ group and HC group. Compared with HC group, lower ALFF in the right supramarginal gyrus/inferior parietal lobule and lower DC in the right lingual gyrus/calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex of the two patient groups, higher ReHo in OCD group and lower ReHo in SZ group in the right angular gyrus/middle occipital gyrus brain region were documented in the present study. DC in SZ group was significantly higher than that in HC group in the right inferior parietal lobule/angular gyrus, while there were no significant DC differences between OCD group and HC group. In addition, ALFF in the left postcentral gyrus were positively correlated with positive subscale score (r = 0.588, P = 0.013) and general psychopathology subscale score (r = 0.488, P = 0.047) respectively on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in SZ group. ALFF in the left superior temporal gyrus/insula/rolandic operculum of participants with OCD were positively correlated with compulsion subscale score (r = 0.463, P = 0.030) on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). The longer the illness duration in SZ group, the smaller the ALFF of the left superior temporal gyrus/insula/rolandic operculum (Rho = 0.-492, P = 0.020). The longer the illness duration in OCD group, the higher the ALFF of the right supramarginal gyrus/inferior parietal lobule (Rho = 0.392, P = 0.043) and the left postcentral gyrus (Rho = 0.385, P = 0.048), and the lower the DC of the right inferior parietal lobule/angular gyrus (Rho = − 0.518, P = 0.006). Conclusion SZ and OCD show some similarities in spontaneous brain activity in parietal and occipital lobes, but exhibit different patterns of spontaneous brain activity in frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, and insula brain regions, which might imply different underlying neurobiological mechanisms in the two diseases. Compared with OCD, SZ implicates more significant abnormalities in the functional connections among brain regions.
format	article
author	Xiao-Man Yu Lin-Lin Qiu Hai-Xia Huang Xiang Zuo Zhen-He Zhou Shuai Wang Hai-Sheng Liu Lin Tian
author_facet	Xiao-Man Yu Lin-Lin Qiu Hai-Xia Huang Xiang Zuo Zhen-He Zhou Shuai Wang Hai-Sheng Liu Lin Tian
author_sort	Xiao-Man Yu
title	Comparison of resting-state spontaneous brain activity between treatment-naive schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder
title_short	Comparison of resting-state spontaneous brain activity between treatment-naive schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder
title_full	Comparison of resting-state spontaneous brain activity between treatment-naive schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder
title_fullStr	Comparison of resting-state spontaneous brain activity between treatment-naive schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder
title_full_unstemmed	Comparison of resting-state spontaneous brain activity between treatment-naive schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder
title_sort	comparison of resting-state spontaneous brain activity between treatment-naive schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b7d98fb0093f4943a6a053cc8afc4533
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b7d98fb0093f4943a6a053cc8afc45332021-11-07T12:08:31ZComparison of resting-state spontaneous brain activity between treatment-naive schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder10.1186/s12888-021-03554-y1471-244Xhttps://doaj.org/article/b7d98fb0093f4943a6a053cc8afc45332021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03554-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/1471-244XAbstract Background Schizophrenia (SZ) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) share many demographic characteristics and severity of clinical symptoms, genetic risk factors, pathophysiological underpinnings, and brain structure and function. However, the differences in the spontaneous brain activity patterns between the two diseases remain unclear. Here this study aimed to compare the features of intrinsic brain activity in treatment-naive participants with SZ and OCD and to explore the relationship between spontaneous brain activity and the severity of symptoms. Methods In this study, 22 treatment-naive participants with SZ, 27 treatment-naive participants with OCD, and sixty healthy controls (HC) underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo) and degree of centrality (DC) were performed to examine the intrinsic brain activity of participants. Additionally, the relationships among spontaneous brain activity, the severity of symptoms, and the duration of illness were explored in SZ and OCD groups. Results Compared with SZ group and HC group, participants with OCD had significantly higher ALFF in the right angular gyrus and the left middle frontal gyrus/precentral gyrus and significantly lower ALFF in the left superior temporal gyrus/insula/rolandic operculum and the left postcentral gyrus, while there was no significant difference in ALFF between SZ group and HC group. Compared with HC group, lower ALFF in the right supramarginal gyrus/inferior parietal lobule and lower DC in the right lingual gyrus/calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex of the two patient groups, higher ReHo in OCD group and lower ReHo in SZ group in the right angular gyrus/middle occipital gyrus brain region were documented in the present study. DC in SZ group was significantly higher than that in HC group in the right inferior parietal lobule/angular gyrus, while there were no significant DC differences between OCD group and HC group. In addition, ALFF in the left postcentral gyrus were positively correlated with positive subscale score (r = 0.588, P = 0.013) and general psychopathology subscale score (r = 0.488, P = 0.047) respectively on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in SZ group. ALFF in the left superior temporal gyrus/insula/rolandic operculum of participants with OCD were positively correlated with compulsion subscale score (r = 0.463, P = 0.030) on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). The longer the illness duration in SZ group, the smaller the ALFF of the left superior temporal gyrus/insula/rolandic operculum (Rho = 0.-492, P = 0.020). The longer the illness duration in OCD group, the higher the ALFF of the right supramarginal gyrus/inferior parietal lobule (Rho = 0.392, P = 0.043) and the left postcentral gyrus (Rho = 0.385, P = 0.048), and the lower the DC of the right inferior parietal lobule/angular gyrus (Rho = − 0.518, P = 0.006). Conclusion SZ and OCD show some similarities in spontaneous brain activity in parietal and occipital lobes, but exhibit different patterns of spontaneous brain activity in frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, and insula brain regions, which might imply different underlying neurobiological mechanisms in the two diseases. Compared with OCD, SZ implicates more significant abnormalities in the functional connections among brain regions.Xiao-Man YuLin-Lin QiuHai-Xia HuangXiang ZuoZhen-He ZhouShuai WangHai-Sheng LiuLin TianBMCarticleSchizophreniaObsessive-compulsive disorderResting-state fMRIAmplitude of low-frequency fluctuationDegree centralityRegional homogeneityPsychiatryRC435-571ENBMC Psychiatry, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)

Comparison of resting-state spontaneous brain activity between treatment-naive schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder

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