Cardiac Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Isolated extramedullary relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) occurs in soft tissues and various organs outside the testis and central nervous system. Treatments such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and more novel modalities such as immunotherapy have eradicated ALL at extramedull...

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Autores principales:	Irtiza N. Sheikh, Dristhi Ragoonanan, Anna Franklin, Chandra Srinivasan, Bhiong Zhao, Demetrios Petropoulos, Kris M. Mahadeo, Priti Tewari, Sajad J. Khazal
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	relapse/refractory leukemia extramedullary disease stem cell transplantation CAR T-cell therapy cardiac relapse pediatrics Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b7dbced2fdb54e5e9a0ad591de76e377
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b7dbced2fdb54e5e9a0ad591de76e3772021-11-25T17:04:22ZCardiac Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of Literature10.3390/cancers132258142072-6694https://doaj.org/article/b7dbced2fdb54e5e9a0ad591de76e3772021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/22/5814https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Isolated extramedullary relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) occurs in soft tissues and various organs outside the testis and central nervous system. Treatments such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and more novel modalities such as immunotherapy have eradicated ALL at extramedullary sites. In some instances, survival times for relapsed ALL at these sites are longer than those for relapsed disease involving only the bone marrow. Isolated relapse of ALL in the myocardium is rare, especially in children, making diagnosis and treatment of it difficult. More recent treatment options such as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy carry a high risk of cytokine release syndrome and associated risk of worsening cardiac function. Herein we present the case of an 11-year-old boy who presented with relapsed symptomatic B-cell ALL in the myocardium following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This is an unusual presentation of relapsed ALL and this case demonstrates the associated challenges in its diagnosis and treatment. The case report is followed by a literature review of the advances in treatment of pediatric leukemia and their application to extramedullary relapse of this disease in particular.Irtiza N. SheikhDristhi RagoonananAnna FranklinChandra SrinivasanBhiong ZhaoDemetrios PetropoulosKris M. MahadeoPriti TewariSajad J. KhazalMDPI AGarticlerelapse/refractory leukemiaextramedullary diseasestem cell transplantationCAR T-cell therapycardiac relapsepediatricsNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5814, p 5814 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	relapse/refractory leukemia extramedullary disease stem cell transplantation CAR T-cell therapy cardiac relapse pediatrics Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	relapse/refractory leukemia extramedullary disease stem cell transplantation CAR T-cell therapy cardiac relapse pediatrics Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Irtiza N. Sheikh Dristhi Ragoonanan Anna Franklin Chandra Srinivasan Bhiong Zhao Demetrios Petropoulos Kris M. Mahadeo Priti Tewari Sajad J. Khazal Cardiac Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of Literature
description	Isolated extramedullary relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) occurs in soft tissues and various organs outside the testis and central nervous system. Treatments such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and more novel modalities such as immunotherapy have eradicated ALL at extramedullary sites. In some instances, survival times for relapsed ALL at these sites are longer than those for relapsed disease involving only the bone marrow. Isolated relapse of ALL in the myocardium is rare, especially in children, making diagnosis and treatment of it difficult. More recent treatment options such as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy carry a high risk of cytokine release syndrome and associated risk of worsening cardiac function. Herein we present the case of an 11-year-old boy who presented with relapsed symptomatic B-cell ALL in the myocardium following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This is an unusual presentation of relapsed ALL and this case demonstrates the associated challenges in its diagnosis and treatment. The case report is followed by a literature review of the advances in treatment of pediatric leukemia and their application to extramedullary relapse of this disease in particular.
format	article
author	Irtiza N. Sheikh Dristhi Ragoonanan Anna Franklin Chandra Srinivasan Bhiong Zhao Demetrios Petropoulos Kris M. Mahadeo Priti Tewari Sajad J. Khazal
author_facet	Irtiza N. Sheikh Dristhi Ragoonanan Anna Franklin Chandra Srinivasan Bhiong Zhao Demetrios Petropoulos Kris M. Mahadeo Priti Tewari Sajad J. Khazal
author_sort	Irtiza N. Sheikh
title	Cardiac Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of Literature
title_short	Cardiac Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of Literature
title_full	Cardiac Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of Literature
title_fullStr	Cardiac Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of Literature
title_full_unstemmed	Cardiac Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of Literature
title_sort	cardiac relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a case report and review of literature
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b7dbced2fdb54e5e9a0ad591de76e377
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Cardiac Relapse of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Review of Literature

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