Great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) as potential vectors for the dispersal of Vibrio cholerae

Abstract Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a devastating epidemic and pandemic disease. Despite its importance, the way of its global dissemination is unknown. V. cholerae is abundant in aquatic habitats and is known to be borne by copepods, chironomids and fishes. Our aim was to determine if...

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Autores principales:	Sivan Laviad -Shitrit, Tidhar Lev-Ari, Gadi Katzir, Yehonatan Sharaby, Ido Izhaki, Malka Halpern
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b82e531f812047099703866b2a5dd018
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b82e531f812047099703866b2a5dd0182021-12-02T11:53:12ZGreat cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) as potential vectors for the dispersal of Vibrio cholerae10.1038/s41598-017-08434-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/b82e531f812047099703866b2a5dd0182017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-08434-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a devastating epidemic and pandemic disease. Despite its importance, the way of its global dissemination is unknown. V. cholerae is abundant in aquatic habitats and is known to be borne by copepods, chironomids and fishes. Our aim was to determine if fish-eating birds act as vectors in the spread of V. cholerae by consuming infected fish. We determined the existence of V. cholerae in the microbiome of 5/7 wild cormorants’ intestine. In three of these V. cholerae-positive wild cormorants, the presence of a gene for cholera toxin (ctxA) was detected. We subsequently tested eight captive, hand-reared cormorants, divided into two equal groups. Prior to the experiment, the feces of the cormorants were V. cholerae-negative. One group was fed exclusively on tilapias, which are naturally infected with V. cholerae, and the other was fed exclusively on goldfish or on koi that were V. cholerae-negative. We detected V. cholerae in the feces of the tilapia-fed, but not in the goldfish/koi-fed, cormorants. Hence, we demonstrate that fish-eating birds can be infected with V. cholerae from their fish prey. The large-scale movements of many fish-eating birds provide a potential mechanism for the global distribution of V. cholerae.Sivan Laviad -ShitritTidhar Lev-AriGadi KatzirYehonatan SharabyIdo IzhakiMalka HalpernNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sivan Laviad -Shitrit Tidhar Lev-Ari Gadi Katzir Yehonatan Sharaby Ido Izhaki Malka Halpern Great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) as potential vectors for the dispersal of Vibrio cholerae
description	Abstract Vibrio cholerae is the cause of cholera, a devastating epidemic and pandemic disease. Despite its importance, the way of its global dissemination is unknown. V. cholerae is abundant in aquatic habitats and is known to be borne by copepods, chironomids and fishes. Our aim was to determine if fish-eating birds act as vectors in the spread of V. cholerae by consuming infected fish. We determined the existence of V. cholerae in the microbiome of 5/7 wild cormorants’ intestine. In three of these V. cholerae-positive wild cormorants, the presence of a gene for cholera toxin (ctxA) was detected. We subsequently tested eight captive, hand-reared cormorants, divided into two equal groups. Prior to the experiment, the feces of the cormorants were V. cholerae-negative. One group was fed exclusively on tilapias, which are naturally infected with V. cholerae, and the other was fed exclusively on goldfish or on koi that were V. cholerae-negative. We detected V. cholerae in the feces of the tilapia-fed, but not in the goldfish/koi-fed, cormorants. Hence, we demonstrate that fish-eating birds can be infected with V. cholerae from their fish prey. The large-scale movements of many fish-eating birds provide a potential mechanism for the global distribution of V. cholerae.
format	article
author	Sivan Laviad -Shitrit Tidhar Lev-Ari Gadi Katzir Yehonatan Sharaby Ido Izhaki Malka Halpern
author_facet	Sivan Laviad -Shitrit Tidhar Lev-Ari Gadi Katzir Yehonatan Sharaby Ido Izhaki Malka Halpern
author_sort	Sivan Laviad -Shitrit
title	Great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) as potential vectors for the dispersal of Vibrio cholerae
title_short	Great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) as potential vectors for the dispersal of Vibrio cholerae
title_full	Great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) as potential vectors for the dispersal of Vibrio cholerae
title_fullStr	Great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) as potential vectors for the dispersal of Vibrio cholerae
title_full_unstemmed	Great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) as potential vectors for the dispersal of Vibrio cholerae
title_sort	great cormorants (phalacrocorax carbo) as potential vectors for the dispersal of vibrio cholerae
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/b82e531f812047099703866b2a5dd018
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Great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) as potential vectors for the dispersal of Vibrio cholerae

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