Acceleration of tropical cyclones as a proxy for extratropical interactions: synoptic-scale patterns and long-term trends

<p>It is well known that rapid changes in tropical-cyclone motion occur during interaction with extratropical waves. While the translation speed has received much attention in the published literature, acceleration has not. Using a large data sample of Atlantic tropical cyclones, we formally e...

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Autores principales:	A. Aiyyer, T. Wade
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Copernicus Publications 2021
Materias:	Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b8a95e571db443b18c94bb43fa3b96e1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b8a95e571db443b18c94bb43fa3b96e12021-11-05T06:24:06ZAcceleration of tropical cyclones as a proxy for extratropical interactions: synoptic-scale patterns and long-term trends10.5194/wcd-2-1051-20212698-4016https://doaj.org/article/b8a95e571db443b18c94bb43fa3b96e12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/2/1051/2021/wcd-2-1051-2021.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2698-4016<p>It is well known that rapid changes in tropical-cyclone motion occur during interaction with extratropical waves. While the translation speed has received much attention in the published literature, acceleration has not. Using a large data sample of Atlantic tropical cyclones, we formally examine the composite synoptic-scale patterns associated with tangential and curvature components of their acceleration. During periods of rapid tangential acceleration, the composite tropical cyclone moves poleward between an upstream trough and downstream ridge of a developing extratropical wave packet. The two systems subsequently merge in a manner that is consistent with extratropical transition. During rapid curvature acceleration, a prominent downstream ridge promotes recurvature of the tropical cyclone. In contrast, during rapid tangential deceleration or near-zero curvature acceleration, a ridge is located directly poleward of the tropical cyclone. Locally, this arrangement takes the form of a cyclone–anticyclone vortex pair. On average, the tangential acceleration peaks 18 h prior to extratropical transition, while the curvature acceleration peaks at recurvature. These findings confirm that rapid acceleration of tropical cyclones is mediated by interaction with extratropical baroclinic waves. Furthermore, the tails of the distribution of acceleration and translation speed show a robust reduction over the past 5 decades. We speculate that these trends may reflect the poleward shift and weakening of extratropical Rossby waves.</p>A. AiyyerT. WadeCopernicus PublicationsarticleMeteorology. ClimatologyQC851-999ENWeather and Climate Dynamics, Vol 2, Pp 1051-1072 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999
spellingShingle	Meteorology. Climatology QC851-999 A. Aiyyer T. Wade Acceleration of tropical cyclones as a proxy for extratropical interactions: synoptic-scale patterns and long-term trends
description	<p>It is well known that rapid changes in tropical-cyclone motion occur during interaction with extratropical waves. While the translation speed has received much attention in the published literature, acceleration has not. Using a large data sample of Atlantic tropical cyclones, we formally examine the composite synoptic-scale patterns associated with tangential and curvature components of their acceleration. During periods of rapid tangential acceleration, the composite tropical cyclone moves poleward between an upstream trough and downstream ridge of a developing extratropical wave packet. The two systems subsequently merge in a manner that is consistent with extratropical transition. During rapid curvature acceleration, a prominent downstream ridge promotes recurvature of the tropical cyclone. In contrast, during rapid tangential deceleration or near-zero curvature acceleration, a ridge is located directly poleward of the tropical cyclone. Locally, this arrangement takes the form of a cyclone–anticyclone vortex pair. On average, the tangential acceleration peaks 18 h prior to extratropical transition, while the curvature acceleration peaks at recurvature. These findings confirm that rapid acceleration of tropical cyclones is mediated by interaction with extratropical baroclinic waves. Furthermore, the tails of the distribution of acceleration and translation speed show a robust reduction over the past 5 decades. We speculate that these trends may reflect the poleward shift and weakening of extratropical Rossby waves.</p>
format	article
author	A. Aiyyer T. Wade
author_facet	A. Aiyyer T. Wade
author_sort	A. Aiyyer
title	Acceleration of tropical cyclones as a proxy for extratropical interactions: synoptic-scale patterns and long-term trends
title_short	Acceleration of tropical cyclones as a proxy for extratropical interactions: synoptic-scale patterns and long-term trends
title_full	Acceleration of tropical cyclones as a proxy for extratropical interactions: synoptic-scale patterns and long-term trends
title_fullStr	Acceleration of tropical cyclones as a proxy for extratropical interactions: synoptic-scale patterns and long-term trends
title_full_unstemmed	Acceleration of tropical cyclones as a proxy for extratropical interactions: synoptic-scale patterns and long-term trends
title_sort	acceleration of tropical cyclones as a proxy for extratropical interactions: synoptic-scale patterns and long-term trends
publisher	Copernicus Publications
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b8a95e571db443b18c94bb43fa3b96e1
work_keys_str_mv	AT aaiyyer accelerationoftropicalcyclonesasaproxyforextratropicalinteractionssynopticscalepatternsandlongtermtrends AT twade accelerationoftropicalcyclonesasaproxyforextratropicalinteractionssynopticscalepatternsandlongtermtrends
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Acceleration of tropical cyclones as a proxy for extratropical interactions: synoptic-scale patterns and long-term trends

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