Evaluation of an in vitro assay to screen for the immunotoxic potential of chemicals to fish

Abstract A wide variety of environmental contaminants has been shown to disrupt immune functions of fish and may compromise their defense capability against pathogens. Immunotoxic effects, however, are rarely considered in ecotoxicological testing strategies. The aim of this study was to systematica...

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Autores principales:	Kristina Rehberger, Beate I. Escher, Andreas Scheidegger, Inge Werner, Helmut Segner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b8d70a8979344e1fb3ceac6e052a1bb0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b8d70a8979344e1fb3ceac6e052a1bb02021-12-02T14:06:19ZEvaluation of an in vitro assay to screen for the immunotoxic potential of chemicals to fish10.1038/s41598-021-82711-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/b8d70a8979344e1fb3ceac6e052a1bb02021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82711-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract A wide variety of environmental contaminants has been shown to disrupt immune functions of fish and may compromise their defense capability against pathogens. Immunotoxic effects, however, are rarely considered in ecotoxicological testing strategies. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the suitability of an in vitro immuno-assay using selected fish immune parameters to screen for chemicals with known immunotoxic potential and to differentiate them from non-immunotoxicants. Non-stimulated and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated head kidney leukocytes of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed for 3 h or 19 h to chemicals with different modes of action. As immune parameters, phagocytosis activity, oxidative burst activity and cytokine transcription (IL-1β, TNFα, IL-10) were examined, accompanied by in silico modelling. The immunotoxicants dexamethasone, benzo(a)pyrene, ethinylestradiol and bisphenol A significantly altered the immune parameters at non-cytotoxic concentrations whereas diclofenac had only weak effects. However, the two baseline chemicals with no known immunotoxic potential, butanol and ethylene glycol, caused significant effects, too. From our results it appears that the in vitro fish leukocyte assay as performed in the present study has only a limited capacity for discriminating between immunotoxicants and non-immunotoxicants.Kristina RehbergerBeate I. EscherAndreas ScheideggerInge WernerHelmut SegnerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kristina Rehberger Beate I. Escher Andreas Scheidegger Inge Werner Helmut Segner Evaluation of an in vitro assay to screen for the immunotoxic potential of chemicals to fish
description	Abstract A wide variety of environmental contaminants has been shown to disrupt immune functions of fish and may compromise their defense capability against pathogens. Immunotoxic effects, however, are rarely considered in ecotoxicological testing strategies. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the suitability of an in vitro immuno-assay using selected fish immune parameters to screen for chemicals with known immunotoxic potential and to differentiate them from non-immunotoxicants. Non-stimulated and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated head kidney leukocytes of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed for 3 h or 19 h to chemicals with different modes of action. As immune parameters, phagocytosis activity, oxidative burst activity and cytokine transcription (IL-1β, TNFα, IL-10) were examined, accompanied by in silico modelling. The immunotoxicants dexamethasone, benzo(a)pyrene, ethinylestradiol and bisphenol A significantly altered the immune parameters at non-cytotoxic concentrations whereas diclofenac had only weak effects. However, the two baseline chemicals with no known immunotoxic potential, butanol and ethylene glycol, caused significant effects, too. From our results it appears that the in vitro fish leukocyte assay as performed in the present study has only a limited capacity for discriminating between immunotoxicants and non-immunotoxicants.
format	article
author	Kristina Rehberger Beate I. Escher Andreas Scheidegger Inge Werner Helmut Segner
author_facet	Kristina Rehberger Beate I. Escher Andreas Scheidegger Inge Werner Helmut Segner
author_sort	Kristina Rehberger
title	Evaluation of an in vitro assay to screen for the immunotoxic potential of chemicals to fish
title_short	Evaluation of an in vitro assay to screen for the immunotoxic potential of chemicals to fish
title_full	Evaluation of an in vitro assay to screen for the immunotoxic potential of chemicals to fish
title_fullStr	Evaluation of an in vitro assay to screen for the immunotoxic potential of chemicals to fish
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of an in vitro assay to screen for the immunotoxic potential of chemicals to fish
title_sort	evaluation of an in vitro assay to screen for the immunotoxic potential of chemicals to fish
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b8d70a8979344e1fb3ceac6e052a1bb0
work_keys_str_mv	AT kristinarehberger evaluationofaninvitroassaytoscreenfortheimmunotoxicpotentialofchemicalstofish AT beateiescher evaluationofaninvitroassaytoscreenfortheimmunotoxicpotentialofchemicalstofish AT andreasscheidegger evaluationofaninvitroassaytoscreenfortheimmunotoxicpotentialofchemicalstofish AT ingewerner evaluationofaninvitroassaytoscreenfortheimmunotoxicpotentialofchemicalstofish AT helmutsegner evaluationofaninvitroassaytoscreenfortheimmunotoxicpotentialofchemicalstofish
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Evaluation of an in vitro assay to screen for the immunotoxic potential of chemicals to fish

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