Recent Advances on Extracellular Vesicles in Central Nervous System Diseases

Tao Jin,1 Jiachen Gu,1 Zongshan Li,1 Zhongping Xu,2 Yaxing Gui1 1Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, People’s Republic of China; 2Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USACorrespondence: Ya...

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Autores principales:	Jin T, Gu J, Li Z, Xu Z, Gui Y
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	evs exosomes cns blood- brain barrier neurodegenerative disease stroke Geriatrics RC952-954.6
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b93e1b0973b043279f0d19f91102da78
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b93e1b0973b043279f0d19f91102da782021-12-02T14:24:10ZRecent Advances on Extracellular Vesicles in Central Nervous System Diseases1178-1998https://doaj.org/article/b93e1b0973b043279f0d19f91102da782021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/recent-advances-on-extracellular-vesicles-in-central-nervous-system-di-peer-reviewed-article-CIAhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-1998Tao Jin,1 Jiachen Gu,1 Zongshan Li,1 Zhongping Xu,2 Yaxing Gui1 1Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, People’s Republic of China; 2Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USACorrespondence: Yaxing GuiDepartment of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail guiyaxing@zju.edu.cnAbstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are particles released by multiple cells, encapsulated by lipid bilayers and containing a variety of biological materials, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and metabolites. With the advancement of separation and characterization methods, EV subtypes and their complex and diverse functions have been recognized. In the central nervous system (CNS), EVs are involved in various physiological and pathological processes, such as regulation of neuronal firing, synaptic plasticity, formation and maintenance of myelin sheath, propagation of neuroinflammation, neuroprotection, and spread and removal of toxic protein aggregates. Activity-dependent alteration of constituents enables EVs to reflect the change of cell and tissue states, and the wide distribution of EVs in biological fluids endows them with potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for CNS diseases, including neurodegenerative disease, cerebrovascular disease, traumatic brain disease, and brain tumor. Favorable biocompatibility, ability of crossing the blood–brain barrier and protecting contents from degradation, give promising therapeutic effects of EVs, either collected from mesenchymal stem cells culture conditioned media, or designed as drug delivery vehicles loaded with specific agents. In this review, we summarized EVs’ basic biological properties, and mainly focused on their applications in CNS diseases.Keywords: EVs, exosomes, CNS, blood–brain barrier, neurodegenerative disease, strokeJin TGu JLi ZXu ZGui YDove Medical Pressarticleevsexosomescnsblood- brain barrierneurodegenerative diseasestrokeGeriatricsRC952-954.6ENClinical Interventions in Aging, Vol Volume 16, Pp 257-274 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	evs exosomes cns blood- brain barrier neurodegenerative disease stroke Geriatrics RC952-954.6
spellingShingle	evs exosomes cns blood- brain barrier neurodegenerative disease stroke Geriatrics RC952-954.6 Jin T Gu J Li Z Xu Z Gui Y Recent Advances on Extracellular Vesicles in Central Nervous System Diseases
description	Tao Jin,1 Jiachen Gu,1 Zongshan Li,1 Zhongping Xu,2 Yaxing Gui1 1Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, People’s Republic of China; 2Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USACorrespondence: Yaxing GuiDepartment of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail guiyaxing@zju.edu.cnAbstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are particles released by multiple cells, encapsulated by lipid bilayers and containing a variety of biological materials, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and metabolites. With the advancement of separation and characterization methods, EV subtypes and their complex and diverse functions have been recognized. In the central nervous system (CNS), EVs are involved in various physiological and pathological processes, such as regulation of neuronal firing, synaptic plasticity, formation and maintenance of myelin sheath, propagation of neuroinflammation, neuroprotection, and spread and removal of toxic protein aggregates. Activity-dependent alteration of constituents enables EVs to reflect the change of cell and tissue states, and the wide distribution of EVs in biological fluids endows them with potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for CNS diseases, including neurodegenerative disease, cerebrovascular disease, traumatic brain disease, and brain tumor. Favorable biocompatibility, ability of crossing the blood–brain barrier and protecting contents from degradation, give promising therapeutic effects of EVs, either collected from mesenchymal stem cells culture conditioned media, or designed as drug delivery vehicles loaded with specific agents. In this review, we summarized EVs’ basic biological properties, and mainly focused on their applications in CNS diseases.Keywords: EVs, exosomes, CNS, blood–brain barrier, neurodegenerative disease, stroke
format	article
author	Jin T Gu J Li Z Xu Z Gui Y
author_facet	Jin T Gu J Li Z Xu Z Gui Y
author_sort	Jin T
title	Recent Advances on Extracellular Vesicles in Central Nervous System Diseases
title_short	Recent Advances on Extracellular Vesicles in Central Nervous System Diseases
title_full	Recent Advances on Extracellular Vesicles in Central Nervous System Diseases
title_fullStr	Recent Advances on Extracellular Vesicles in Central Nervous System Diseases
title_full_unstemmed	Recent Advances on Extracellular Vesicles in Central Nervous System Diseases
title_sort	recent advances on extracellular vesicles in central nervous system diseases
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b93e1b0973b043279f0d19f91102da78
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Recent Advances on Extracellular Vesicles in Central Nervous System Diseases

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