High levels of serum IL-6 and serum hepcidin and low CD4 cell count were risk factors of anemia of chronic disease in HIV patients on the combination of antiretroviral therapy

I Ketut Agus Somia,1 Tuti Parwati Merati,1 I Made Bakta,2 Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba,3 Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa,4 I Dewa Made Sukrama,5 Ketut Suryana,6 Rudi Wisaksana71Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Udayana University-Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indon...

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Autores principales:	Agus Somia IK, Merati TP, Bakta IM, Putra Manuaba IB, Yasa WP, Sukrama ID, Suryana K, Wisaksana R
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	HIV infections Anemia Interleukin-6 Hepcidins CD4 lymphocyte count Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b956c851910347b2b10cf73bd7b599a3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b956c851910347b2b10cf73bd7b599a32021-12-02T08:17:07ZHigh levels of serum IL-6 and serum hepcidin and low CD4 cell count were risk factors of anemia of chronic disease in HIV patients on the combination of antiretroviral therapy1179-1373https://doaj.org/article/b956c851910347b2b10cf73bd7b599a32019-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/high-levels-of-serum-il-6-and-serum-hepcidin-and-low-cd4-cell-count-we-peer-reviewed-article-HIVhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1373I Ketut Agus Somia,1 Tuti Parwati Merati,1 I Made Bakta,2 Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba,3 Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa,4 I Dewa Made Sukrama,5 Ketut Suryana,6 Rudi Wisaksana71Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Udayana University-Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 2Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Udayana University–Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 3Chemistry Department, Faculty of Math and Science, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 4Department of Clinical Pathology, Udayana University–Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 5Department of Clinical Microbiology, Udayana University-Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 6Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Udayana University-Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 7Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Padjajaran University, Bandung, West Java, IndonesiaPurpose: This study aimed to determine whether high levels of serum IL-6 and serum hepcidin and CD4<350 cells/ul were risk factors for the anemia of chronic disease (ACD) in HIV-infected patients on the combination of antiretroviral (cARV) therapy with successful clinically and immunological responses.Patients and Methods: A matched case–control study was conducted in the VCT clinic of Sanglah General Hospital, Indonesia, between January 1 and September 1, 2016. The case group was HIV patients with ACD, while the control group was HIV patients without ACD. Purposive consecutive sampling was employed in HIV patients aged 15–65 years who have received cARV therapy for >6 months, had >95% adherence of cARV within 6 months, did not have any clinical failure, did not have any immunological failure and did not receive switch therapy within 6 months. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed.Results: A total of 42 cases and 42 controls were included in this study. Significant differences were found between case and control, which included serum IL-6, serum hepcidin, smoking, creatinine clearance, anemia at the initiation of cARV, CD4 at the initiation of cARV and actual CD4 (cell/μL). High levels of serum IL-6, high levels of serum hepcidin and CD4< 350 cells/μl were risk factors for ACD. After adjusted with anemia at cARV initiation and BMI, we found that high levels of serum IL-6 (adjusted OR: 17.682; 95% CI: 3.442–90.826), high levels of serum hepcidin (adjusted OR: 10.562; 95% CI: 2.531–44.076) and CD4 <350 cells/μl (adjusted OR: 4.181; 95% CI: 5.6–12.381) remain as risk factors for ACD.Conclusion: High levels of serum IL-6, high levels of serum hepcidin and CD4 count <350 cells/μL were risk factors for ACD in HIV patients with cARV therapy.Keywords: HIV infections, anemia, IL-6, hepcidins, CD4 cell count  Agus Somia IKMerati TPBakta IMPutra Manuaba IBYasa WPSukrama IDSuryana KWisaksana RDove Medical PressarticleHIV infectionsAnemiaInterleukin-6HepcidinsCD4 lymphocyte countImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care, Vol Volume 11, Pp 133-139 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	HIV infections Anemia Interleukin-6 Hepcidins CD4 lymphocyte count Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	HIV infections Anemia Interleukin-6 Hepcidins CD4 lymphocyte count Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Agus Somia IK Merati TP Bakta IM Putra Manuaba IB Yasa WP Sukrama ID Suryana K Wisaksana R High levels of serum IL-6 and serum hepcidin and low CD4 cell count were risk factors of anemia of chronic disease in HIV patients on the combination of antiretroviral therapy
description	I Ketut Agus Somia,1 Tuti Parwati Merati,1 I Made Bakta,2 Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba,3 Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa,4 I Dewa Made Sukrama,5 Ketut Suryana,6 Rudi Wisaksana71Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Udayana University-Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 2Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Udayana University–Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 3Chemistry Department, Faculty of Math and Science, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 4Department of Clinical Pathology, Udayana University–Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 5Department of Clinical Microbiology, Udayana University-Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 6Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Udayana University-Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia; 7Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Padjajaran University, Bandung, West Java, IndonesiaPurpose: This study aimed to determine whether high levels of serum IL-6 and serum hepcidin and CD4<350 cells/ul were risk factors for the anemia of chronic disease (ACD) in HIV-infected patients on the combination of antiretroviral (cARV) therapy with successful clinically and immunological responses.Patients and Methods: A matched case–control study was conducted in the VCT clinic of Sanglah General Hospital, Indonesia, between January 1 and September 1, 2016. The case group was HIV patients with ACD, while the control group was HIV patients without ACD. Purposive consecutive sampling was employed in HIV patients aged 15–65 years who have received cARV therapy for >6 months, had >95% adherence of cARV within 6 months, did not have any clinical failure, did not have any immunological failure and did not receive switch therapy within 6 months. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed.Results: A total of 42 cases and 42 controls were included in this study. Significant differences were found between case and control, which included serum IL-6, serum hepcidin, smoking, creatinine clearance, anemia at the initiation of cARV, CD4 at the initiation of cARV and actual CD4 (cell/μL). High levels of serum IL-6, high levels of serum hepcidin and CD4< 350 cells/μl were risk factors for ACD. After adjusted with anemia at cARV initiation and BMI, we found that high levels of serum IL-6 (adjusted OR: 17.682; 95% CI: 3.442–90.826), high levels of serum hepcidin (adjusted OR: 10.562; 95% CI: 2.531–44.076) and CD4 <350 cells/μl (adjusted OR: 4.181; 95% CI: 5.6–12.381) remain as risk factors for ACD.Conclusion: High levels of serum IL-6, high levels of serum hepcidin and CD4 count <350 cells/μL were risk factors for ACD in HIV patients with cARV therapy.Keywords: HIV infections, anemia, IL-6, hepcidins, CD4 cell count
format	article
author	Agus Somia IK Merati TP Bakta IM Putra Manuaba IB Yasa WP Sukrama ID Suryana K Wisaksana R
author_facet	Agus Somia IK Merati TP Bakta IM Putra Manuaba IB Yasa WP Sukrama ID Suryana K Wisaksana R
author_sort	Agus Somia IK
title	High levels of serum IL-6 and serum hepcidin and low CD4 cell count were risk factors of anemia of chronic disease in HIV patients on the combination of antiretroviral therapy
title_short	High levels of serum IL-6 and serum hepcidin and low CD4 cell count were risk factors of anemia of chronic disease in HIV patients on the combination of antiretroviral therapy
title_full	High levels of serum IL-6 and serum hepcidin and low CD4 cell count were risk factors of anemia of chronic disease in HIV patients on the combination of antiretroviral therapy
title_fullStr	High levels of serum IL-6 and serum hepcidin and low CD4 cell count were risk factors of anemia of chronic disease in HIV patients on the combination of antiretroviral therapy
title_full_unstemmed	High levels of serum IL-6 and serum hepcidin and low CD4 cell count were risk factors of anemia of chronic disease in HIV patients on the combination of antiretroviral therapy
title_sort	high levels of serum il-6 and serum hepcidin and low cd4 cell count were risk factors of anemia of chronic disease in hiv patients on the combination of antiretroviral therapy
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/b956c851910347b2b10cf73bd7b599a3
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High levels of serum IL-6 and serum hepcidin and low CD4 cell count were risk factors of anemia of chronic disease in HIV patients on the combination of antiretroviral therapy

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