Influence of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on the Soil Seed Bank of a Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forest

Increased nitrogen (N) deposition may have profound effects on forest ecosystems. However, information on the impacts of elevated N deposition on belowground soil seed bank in forests is lacking. In a field experiment, we added N at 50 and 25 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</su...

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Autores principales:	Jun Wang, Yao Huang, Qinfeng Guo, Long Yang, Hongfang Lu, Hai Ren
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	evergreen broadleaved forest forest regeneration functional composition nitrogen addition South China Plant ecology QK900-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b9702851fc414daf929db5d8a70af674
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b9702851fc414daf929db5d8a70af6742021-11-25T17:38:25ZInfluence of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on the Soil Seed Bank of a Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forest10.3390/f121115381999-4907https://doaj.org/article/b9702851fc414daf929db5d8a70af6742021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/11/1538https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907Increased nitrogen (N) deposition may have profound effects on forest ecosystems. However, information on the impacts of elevated N deposition on belowground soil seed bank in forests is lacking. In a field experiment, we added N at 50 and 25 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> to the canopy (CAN50 and CAN25) and to the understory (UAN50 and UAN25), to determine the effects of N deposition on soil seed bank structure and composition in a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest. A total of 1545 seedlings belonging to 37 species emerged from the 10 cm-depth soil samples. After 6 years of N addition, soil seed bank density significantly increased at the depth of 0–10 cm under CAN50 treatment relative to the control. N addition did not significantly affect species richness, the Simpson index, Shannon–Wiener index, or Pielou index of the soil seed banks. Seed bank density and species richness were positively correlated with soil organic matter content. For the whole 0–10 cm soil layer, the percentage of total seed abundance and total species richness represented by tree species among the N-addition treatments was ≤9.3% and ≤16.1%, respectively. Soil seed bank composition was similar among UAN25, UAN50, and the control, but canopy N addition and especially CAN50 altered the species composition of the seed bank. Overall, our results indicate that artificial canopy N deposition at 50 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> but not understory N addition tends to promote seed storage and to change species composition in the soil seed bank. Because of the dominance of shrubs and herbs in the soil seed bank, the potential to regenerate tree species from the soil seed bank is limited in the subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest.Jun WangYao HuangQinfeng GuoLong YangHongfang LuHai RenMDPI AGarticleevergreen broadleaved forestforest regenerationfunctional compositionnitrogen additionSouth ChinaPlant ecologyQK900-989ENForests, Vol 12, Iss 1538, p 1538 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	evergreen broadleaved forest forest regeneration functional composition nitrogen addition South China Plant ecology QK900-989
spellingShingle	evergreen broadleaved forest forest regeneration functional composition nitrogen addition South China Plant ecology QK900-989 Jun Wang Yao Huang Qinfeng Guo Long Yang Hongfang Lu Hai Ren Influence of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on the Soil Seed Bank of a Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forest
description	Increased nitrogen (N) deposition may have profound effects on forest ecosystems. However, information on the impacts of elevated N deposition on belowground soil seed bank in forests is lacking. In a field experiment, we added N at 50 and 25 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> to the canopy (CAN50 and CAN25) and to the understory (UAN50 and UAN25), to determine the effects of N deposition on soil seed bank structure and composition in a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest. A total of 1545 seedlings belonging to 37 species emerged from the 10 cm-depth soil samples. After 6 years of N addition, soil seed bank density significantly increased at the depth of 0–10 cm under CAN50 treatment relative to the control. N addition did not significantly affect species richness, the Simpson index, Shannon–Wiener index, or Pielou index of the soil seed banks. Seed bank density and species richness were positively correlated with soil organic matter content. For the whole 0–10 cm soil layer, the percentage of total seed abundance and total species richness represented by tree species among the N-addition treatments was ≤9.3% and ≤16.1%, respectively. Soil seed bank composition was similar among UAN25, UAN50, and the control, but canopy N addition and especially CAN50 altered the species composition of the seed bank. Overall, our results indicate that artificial canopy N deposition at 50 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> but not understory N addition tends to promote seed storage and to change species composition in the soil seed bank. Because of the dominance of shrubs and herbs in the soil seed bank, the potential to regenerate tree species from the soil seed bank is limited in the subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest.
format	article
author	Jun Wang Yao Huang Qinfeng Guo Long Yang Hongfang Lu Hai Ren
author_facet	Jun Wang Yao Huang Qinfeng Guo Long Yang Hongfang Lu Hai Ren
author_sort	Jun Wang
title	Influence of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on the Soil Seed Bank of a Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forest
title_short	Influence of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on the Soil Seed Bank of a Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forest
title_full	Influence of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on the Soil Seed Bank of a Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forest
title_fullStr	Influence of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on the Soil Seed Bank of a Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forest
title_full_unstemmed	Influence of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on the Soil Seed Bank of a Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forest
title_sort	influence of simulated nitrogen deposition on the soil seed bank of a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b9702851fc414daf929db5d8a70af674
work_keys_str_mv	AT junwang influenceofsimulatednitrogendepositiononthesoilseedbankofasubtropicalevergreenbroadleavedforest AT yaohuang influenceofsimulatednitrogendepositiononthesoilseedbankofasubtropicalevergreenbroadleavedforest AT qinfengguo influenceofsimulatednitrogendepositiononthesoilseedbankofasubtropicalevergreenbroadleavedforest AT longyang influenceofsimulatednitrogendepositiononthesoilseedbankofasubtropicalevergreenbroadleavedforest AT hongfanglu influenceofsimulatednitrogendepositiononthesoilseedbankofasubtropicalevergreenbroadleavedforest AT hairen influenceofsimulatednitrogendepositiononthesoilseedbankofasubtropicalevergreenbroadleavedforest
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Influence of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on the Soil Seed Bank of a Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forest

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