Relationships between environmental variables and spatial and temporal distribution of jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea

The jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) is both a dominant pelagic fish species and an important fishing target in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea. However, the resource status of this species fluctuates dramatically, and it has recently been added to a “red list” of threatened species of the Intern...

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Autores principales:	Yuting Feng, Haiyi Shi, Gang Hou, Hui Zhao, Changming Dong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	PeerJ Inc. 2021
Materias:	Trachurus japonicus Environment factors Remote sensing Spatiotemporaldistribution Generalized additive models Beibu Gulf Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b9765d5fff444215ad996e5a63607449
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b9765d5fff444215ad996e5a636074492021-11-06T15:05:23ZRelationships between environmental variables and spatial and temporal distribution of jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea10.7717/peerj.123372167-8359https://doaj.org/article/b9765d5fff444215ad996e5a636074492021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://peerj.com/articles/12337.pdfhttps://peerj.com/articles/12337/https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359The jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) is both a dominant pelagic fish species and an important fishing target in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea. However, the resource status of this species fluctuates dramatically, and it has recently been added to a “red list” of threatened species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Despite its economic importance and decreasing population status, limited research on its spatiotemporal distribution has been undertaken over the last decades. In order to evaluate the most crucial factors that influence the spatiotemporal variability of T. japonicus and to determine GAM performance and predictability, we analyze catch per unit effort (CPUE) of T. japonicus from Beibu Gulf over four seasons (months) from 2013 to 2014. A generalized additive model (GAMs) is populated with water depth and remotely sensed sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) and sea level anomaly (SLA). The CPUE of T. japonicus varies seasonally, with higher CPUE in summer and autumn than in spring and winter, and the highest CPUE in summer. GAM results explain 57% of the deviation explained in CPUE, with the most important variables being SLA, Month, Depth, SSS, and SST , each explaining 21.2%, 18.7%, 10.7%, 5.1%, and 1.3% of the variation in CPUE, respectively. This species occurs mainly between 50 and 75 m depth, SSS values 32.3–33.5 PSU and SST 25–30.5 °C. High CPUE sites occur near SLA ≤ 0 m, on the edge of cold eddies, and there is a certain catch near the sea surface with SLA ≥ 0 m. The spatial and temporal distribution of T. japonicus is affected by the season and the marine hydrological environment. This study might contribute to a better understanding of the distributional patterns of T. japonicus as well as provide a basis for sustainable management in the Beibu Gulf.Yuting FengHaiyi ShiGang HouHui ZhaoChangming DongPeerJ Inc.articleTrachurus japonicusEnvironment factorsRemote sensingSpatiotemporaldistributionGeneralized additive modelsBeibu GulfMedicineRENPeerJ, Vol 9, p e12337 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Trachurus japonicus Environment factors Remote sensing Spatiotemporaldistribution Generalized additive models Beibu Gulf Medicine R
spellingShingle	Trachurus japonicus Environment factors Remote sensing Spatiotemporaldistribution Generalized additive models Beibu Gulf Medicine R Yuting Feng Haiyi Shi Gang Hou Hui Zhao Changming Dong Relationships between environmental variables and spatial and temporal distribution of jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea
description	The jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) is both a dominant pelagic fish species and an important fishing target in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea. However, the resource status of this species fluctuates dramatically, and it has recently been added to a “red list” of threatened species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Despite its economic importance and decreasing population status, limited research on its spatiotemporal distribution has been undertaken over the last decades. In order to evaluate the most crucial factors that influence the spatiotemporal variability of T. japonicus and to determine GAM performance and predictability, we analyze catch per unit effort (CPUE) of T. japonicus from Beibu Gulf over four seasons (months) from 2013 to 2014. A generalized additive model (GAMs) is populated with water depth and remotely sensed sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) and sea level anomaly (SLA). The CPUE of T. japonicus varies seasonally, with higher CPUE in summer and autumn than in spring and winter, and the highest CPUE in summer. GAM results explain 57% of the deviation explained in CPUE, with the most important variables being SLA, Month, Depth, SSS, and SST , each explaining 21.2%, 18.7%, 10.7%, 5.1%, and 1.3% of the variation in CPUE, respectively. This species occurs mainly between 50 and 75 m depth, SSS values 32.3–33.5 PSU and SST 25–30.5 °C. High CPUE sites occur near SLA ≤ 0 m, on the edge of cold eddies, and there is a certain catch near the sea surface with SLA ≥ 0 m. The spatial and temporal distribution of T. japonicus is affected by the season and the marine hydrological environment. This study might contribute to a better understanding of the distributional patterns of T. japonicus as well as provide a basis for sustainable management in the Beibu Gulf.
format	article
author	Yuting Feng Haiyi Shi Gang Hou Hui Zhao Changming Dong
author_facet	Yuting Feng Haiyi Shi Gang Hou Hui Zhao Changming Dong
author_sort	Yuting Feng
title	Relationships between environmental variables and spatial and temporal distribution of jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea
title_short	Relationships between environmental variables and spatial and temporal distribution of jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea
title_full	Relationships between environmental variables and spatial and temporal distribution of jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea
title_fullStr	Relationships between environmental variables and spatial and temporal distribution of jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea
title_full_unstemmed	Relationships between environmental variables and spatial and temporal distribution of jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea
title_sort	relationships between environmental variables and spatial and temporal distribution of jack mackerel (trachurus japonicus) in the beibu gulf, south china sea
publisher	PeerJ Inc.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/b9765d5fff444215ad996e5a63607449
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Relationships between environmental variables and spatial and temporal distribution of jack mackerel (Trachurus japonicus) in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea

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