Facilitate insight by non-invasive brain stimulation.

Our experiences can blind us. Once we have learned to solve problems by one method, we often have difficulties in generating solutions involving a different kind of insight. Yet there is evidence that people with brain lesions are sometimes more resistant to this so-called mental set effect. This in...

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Autores principales:	Richard P Chi, Allan W Snyder
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b9abbc2872a644db9e91c154f4e31a20
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b9abbc2872a644db9e91c154f4e31a202021-11-18T06:59:20ZFacilitate insight by non-invasive brain stimulation.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0016655https://doaj.org/article/b9abbc2872a644db9e91c154f4e31a202011-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21311746/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Our experiences can blind us. Once we have learned to solve problems by one method, we often have difficulties in generating solutions involving a different kind of insight. Yet there is evidence that people with brain lesions are sometimes more resistant to this so-called mental set effect. This inspired us to investigate whether the mental set effect can be reduced by non-invasive brain stimulation. 60 healthy right-handed participants were asked to take an insight problem solving task while receiving transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to the anterior temporal lobes (ATL). Only 20% of participants solved an insight problem with sham stimulation (control), whereas 3 times as many participants did so (p = 0.011) with cathodal stimulation (decreased excitability) of the left ATL together with anodal stimulation (increased excitability) of the right ATL. We found hemispheric differences in that a stimulation montage involving the opposite polarities did not facilitate performance. Our findings are consistent with the theory that inhibition to the left ATL can lead to a cognitive style that is less influenced by mental templates and that the right ATL may be associated with insight or novel meaning. Further studies including neurophysiological imaging are needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms leading to the enhancement.Richard P ChiAllan W SnyderPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 2, p e16655 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Richard P Chi Allan W Snyder Facilitate insight by non-invasive brain stimulation.
description	Our experiences can blind us. Once we have learned to solve problems by one method, we often have difficulties in generating solutions involving a different kind of insight. Yet there is evidence that people with brain lesions are sometimes more resistant to this so-called mental set effect. This inspired us to investigate whether the mental set effect can be reduced by non-invasive brain stimulation. 60 healthy right-handed participants were asked to take an insight problem solving task while receiving transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to the anterior temporal lobes (ATL). Only 20% of participants solved an insight problem with sham stimulation (control), whereas 3 times as many participants did so (p = 0.011) with cathodal stimulation (decreased excitability) of the left ATL together with anodal stimulation (increased excitability) of the right ATL. We found hemispheric differences in that a stimulation montage involving the opposite polarities did not facilitate performance. Our findings are consistent with the theory that inhibition to the left ATL can lead to a cognitive style that is less influenced by mental templates and that the right ATL may be associated with insight or novel meaning. Further studies including neurophysiological imaging are needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms leading to the enhancement.
format	article
author	Richard P Chi Allan W Snyder
author_facet	Richard P Chi Allan W Snyder
author_sort	Richard P Chi
title	Facilitate insight by non-invasive brain stimulation.
title_short	Facilitate insight by non-invasive brain stimulation.
title_full	Facilitate insight by non-invasive brain stimulation.
title_fullStr	Facilitate insight by non-invasive brain stimulation.
title_full_unstemmed	Facilitate insight by non-invasive brain stimulation.
title_sort	facilitate insight by non-invasive brain stimulation.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/b9abbc2872a644db9e91c154f4e31a20
work_keys_str_mv	AT richardpchi facilitateinsightbynoninvasivebrainstimulation AT allanwsnyder facilitateinsightbynoninvasivebrainstimulation
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Facilitate insight by non-invasive brain stimulation.

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