Evidence for isolation-by-habitat among populations of an epiphytic orchid species on a small oceanic island.

Identifying factors that promote population differentiation is of interest for understanding the early stages of speciation. Gene flow among populations inhabiting different environments can be reduced by geographical distance (isolation-by-distance) or by divergent selection resulting from local ad...

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Autores principales:	Bertrand Mallet, Florent Martos, Laury Blambert, Thierry Pailler, Laurence Humeau
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/b9e0559eab7d4d29b82b902f01e074e4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:b9e0559eab7d4d29b82b902f01e074e42021-11-18T08:34:16ZEvidence for isolation-by-habitat among populations of an epiphytic orchid species on a small oceanic island.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0087469https://doaj.org/article/b9e0559eab7d4d29b82b902f01e074e42014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24498329/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Identifying factors that promote population differentiation is of interest for understanding the early stages of speciation. Gene flow among populations inhabiting different environments can be reduced by geographical distance (isolation-by-distance) or by divergent selection resulting from local adaptation (isolation-by-ecology). Few studies have investigated the influence of these factors in small oceanic islands where the influence of geographic distance is expected to be null but where habitat diversity could have a strong effect on population differentiation. In this study, we tested for the spatial divergence of phenotypes (floral morphology and floral scent) and genotypes (microsatellites) among ten populations of Jumellea rossii, an epiphytic orchid endemic to Réunion growing in three different habitats. We found a significant genetic differentiation between populations that is structured by habitat heterogeneity rather than by geographic distance between populations. These results suggest that ecological factors might reduce gene flow among populations located in different habitats. This pattern of isolation-by-habitat may be the result of both isolation-by-ecology by habitat filtering and asynchrony in flowering phenology. Furthermore, data on floral morphology match these findings, with multivariate analysis grouping populations by habitat type but could be only due to phenotypic plasticity. Indeed floral scent compounds were not significantly different between populations indicating that specific plant-pollinator mutualism does not seem to play a major role in the population differentiation of J. rossii. In conclusion, the results from our study emphasize the importance of habitat diversity of small oceanic islands as a factor of population differentiation.Bertrand MalletFlorent MartosLaury BlambertThierry PaillerLaurence HumeauPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 2, p e87469 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Bertrand Mallet Florent Martos Laury Blambert Thierry Pailler Laurence Humeau Evidence for isolation-by-habitat among populations of an epiphytic orchid species on a small oceanic island.
description	Identifying factors that promote population differentiation is of interest for understanding the early stages of speciation. Gene flow among populations inhabiting different environments can be reduced by geographical distance (isolation-by-distance) or by divergent selection resulting from local adaptation (isolation-by-ecology). Few studies have investigated the influence of these factors in small oceanic islands where the influence of geographic distance is expected to be null but where habitat diversity could have a strong effect on population differentiation. In this study, we tested for the spatial divergence of phenotypes (floral morphology and floral scent) and genotypes (microsatellites) among ten populations of Jumellea rossii, an epiphytic orchid endemic to Réunion growing in three different habitats. We found a significant genetic differentiation between populations that is structured by habitat heterogeneity rather than by geographic distance between populations. These results suggest that ecological factors might reduce gene flow among populations located in different habitats. This pattern of isolation-by-habitat may be the result of both isolation-by-ecology by habitat filtering and asynchrony in flowering phenology. Furthermore, data on floral morphology match these findings, with multivariate analysis grouping populations by habitat type but could be only due to phenotypic plasticity. Indeed floral scent compounds were not significantly different between populations indicating that specific plant-pollinator mutualism does not seem to play a major role in the population differentiation of J. rossii. In conclusion, the results from our study emphasize the importance of habitat diversity of small oceanic islands as a factor of population differentiation.
format	article
author	Bertrand Mallet Florent Martos Laury Blambert Thierry Pailler Laurence Humeau
author_facet	Bertrand Mallet Florent Martos Laury Blambert Thierry Pailler Laurence Humeau
author_sort	Bertrand Mallet
title	Evidence for isolation-by-habitat among populations of an epiphytic orchid species on a small oceanic island.
title_short	Evidence for isolation-by-habitat among populations of an epiphytic orchid species on a small oceanic island.
title_full	Evidence for isolation-by-habitat among populations of an epiphytic orchid species on a small oceanic island.
title_fullStr	Evidence for isolation-by-habitat among populations of an epiphytic orchid species on a small oceanic island.
title_full_unstemmed	Evidence for isolation-by-habitat among populations of an epiphytic orchid species on a small oceanic island.
title_sort	evidence for isolation-by-habitat among populations of an epiphytic orchid species on a small oceanic island.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/b9e0559eab7d4d29b82b902f01e074e4
work_keys_str_mv	AT bertrandmallet evidenceforisolationbyhabitatamongpopulationsofanepiphyticorchidspeciesonasmalloceanicisland AT florentmartos evidenceforisolationbyhabitatamongpopulationsofanepiphyticorchidspeciesonasmalloceanicisland AT lauryblambert evidenceforisolationbyhabitatamongpopulationsofanepiphyticorchidspeciesonasmalloceanicisland AT thierrypailler evidenceforisolationbyhabitatamongpopulationsofanepiphyticorchidspeciesonasmalloceanicisland AT laurencehumeau evidenceforisolationbyhabitatamongpopulationsofanepiphyticorchidspeciesonasmalloceanicisland
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Evidence for isolation-by-habitat among populations of an epiphytic orchid species on a small oceanic island.

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