Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Directly Visualizes Lymphatic Drainage Pathways and Connections between Superficial and Deep Lymphatic Systems in the Mouse Hindlimb

Abstract Since lymphedema rarely develops in the mouse hindlimb, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We herein investigated the resolution of chronic hindlimb lymphedema in mice using a Near-Infrared Fluorescence (NIRF) imaging system. Nineteen 7–28-week-old BALB/c male and female mice were in...

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Autores principales:	Yukari Nakajima, Kimi Asano, Kanae Mukai, Tamae Urai, Mayumi Okuwa, Junko Sugama, Toshio Nakatani
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ba081ef82ac449b48285a71d9e6f031a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ba081ef82ac449b48285a71d9e6f031a2021-12-02T15:07:56ZNear-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Directly Visualizes Lymphatic Drainage Pathways and Connections between Superficial and Deep Lymphatic Systems in the Mouse Hindlimb10.1038/s41598-018-25383-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ba081ef82ac449b48285a71d9e6f031a2018-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25383-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Since lymphedema rarely develops in the mouse hindlimb, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We herein investigated the resolution of chronic hindlimb lymphedema in mice using a Near-Infrared Fluorescence (NIRF) imaging system. Nineteen 7–28-week-old BALB/c male and female mice were injected with two dyes for lymphography and dissection. Lymphadenectomy was performed on six male mice to completely obstruct lymph flow in the hindlimb. Edematous changes in both hindlimbs were compared until 60 days after surgery. The NIRF imaging system detected three lymphatic collecting systems in the mouse hindlimb: superficial lateral, superficial medial, and deep medial. It also showed connections between the superficial and deep lymphatic systems in the inguinal region. Lymphadenectomy of the iliac, inguinal, and popliteal lymph nodes caused edematous changes. However, lymph flow in these operated areas restarted within 60 days and the severity of lymphedema appeared to be low. NIRF imaging showed that the deep medial system and a connection between the superficial and deep lymphatic systems in the inguinal region drain lymph from the hindlimb. This is the one reasons why lymphedema does not develop in the mouse hindlimb. The stable obstruction of lymph flow in these three systems is desired to develop chronic lymphedema.Yukari NakajimaKimi AsanoKanae MukaiTamae UraiMayumi OkuwaJunko SugamaToshio NakataniNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Yukari Nakajima Kimi Asano Kanae Mukai Tamae Urai Mayumi Okuwa Junko Sugama Toshio Nakatani Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Directly Visualizes Lymphatic Drainage Pathways and Connections between Superficial and Deep Lymphatic Systems in the Mouse Hindlimb
description	Abstract Since lymphedema rarely develops in the mouse hindlimb, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We herein investigated the resolution of chronic hindlimb lymphedema in mice using a Near-Infrared Fluorescence (NIRF) imaging system. Nineteen 7–28-week-old BALB/c male and female mice were injected with two dyes for lymphography and dissection. Lymphadenectomy was performed on six male mice to completely obstruct lymph flow in the hindlimb. Edematous changes in both hindlimbs were compared until 60 days after surgery. The NIRF imaging system detected three lymphatic collecting systems in the mouse hindlimb: superficial lateral, superficial medial, and deep medial. It also showed connections between the superficial and deep lymphatic systems in the inguinal region. Lymphadenectomy of the iliac, inguinal, and popliteal lymph nodes caused edematous changes. However, lymph flow in these operated areas restarted within 60 days and the severity of lymphedema appeared to be low. NIRF imaging showed that the deep medial system and a connection between the superficial and deep lymphatic systems in the inguinal region drain lymph from the hindlimb. This is the one reasons why lymphedema does not develop in the mouse hindlimb. The stable obstruction of lymph flow in these three systems is desired to develop chronic lymphedema.
format	article
author	Yukari Nakajima Kimi Asano Kanae Mukai Tamae Urai Mayumi Okuwa Junko Sugama Toshio Nakatani
author_facet	Yukari Nakajima Kimi Asano Kanae Mukai Tamae Urai Mayumi Okuwa Junko Sugama Toshio Nakatani
author_sort	Yukari Nakajima
title	Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Directly Visualizes Lymphatic Drainage Pathways and Connections between Superficial and Deep Lymphatic Systems in the Mouse Hindlimb
title_short	Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Directly Visualizes Lymphatic Drainage Pathways and Connections between Superficial and Deep Lymphatic Systems in the Mouse Hindlimb
title_full	Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Directly Visualizes Lymphatic Drainage Pathways and Connections between Superficial and Deep Lymphatic Systems in the Mouse Hindlimb
title_fullStr	Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Directly Visualizes Lymphatic Drainage Pathways and Connections between Superficial and Deep Lymphatic Systems in the Mouse Hindlimb
title_full_unstemmed	Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Directly Visualizes Lymphatic Drainage Pathways and Connections between Superficial and Deep Lymphatic Systems in the Mouse Hindlimb
title_sort	near-infrared fluorescence imaging directly visualizes lymphatic drainage pathways and connections between superficial and deep lymphatic systems in the mouse hindlimb
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/ba081ef82ac449b48285a71d9e6f031a
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Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Directly Visualizes Lymphatic Drainage Pathways and Connections between Superficial and Deep Lymphatic Systems in the Mouse Hindlimb

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