Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy

Background: Blood culturing remains the mainstream tool to inform an appropriate treatment in hospital-acquired bloodstream infections and to diagnose any bacteremia. Methods: A retrospective investigation on the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) and their resistance in hospitalized patient...

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Autores principales:	Paola Di Carlo, Nicola Serra, Sofia Lo Sauro, Vincenza Maria Carelli, Maurizio Giarratana, Juan Camilo Signorello, Alessandro Lucchesi, Giuseppe Manta, Maria Santa Napolitano, Teresa Rea, Antonio Cascio, Consolato Maria Sergi, Anna Giammanco, Teresa Fasciana
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	bacteria survival time MDR infection Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ba52cba5e26b4f198ad62f01da0ab54d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ba52cba5e26b4f198ad62f01da0ab54d2021-11-25T16:24:49ZEpidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy10.3390/antibiotics101114022079-6382https://doaj.org/article/ba52cba5e26b4f198ad62f01da0ab54d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/11/1402https://doaj.org/toc/2079-6382Background: Blood culturing remains the mainstream tool to inform an appropriate treatment in hospital-acquired bloodstream infections and to diagnose any bacteremia. Methods: A retrospective investigation on the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) and their resistance in hospitalized patients by age, sex, and units from blood cultures (BCs) was conducted from January 2018 to April 2020 at Sant’Elia hospital, Caltanissetta, southern Italy. We divided the patient age range into four equal intervals. Results: Multivariate demographic and microbiological variables did not show an association between bacteria distributions and gender and age. The distribution by units showed a higher prevalence of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in the intensive care unit (ICU) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> in the non-intensive care units (non-ICUs). The analysis of antibiotic resistance showed that <i>E. coli</i> was susceptible to a large class of antibiotics such as carbapenem and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. <i>K. pneumoniae</i> showed a significant susceptibility to colistin, tigecycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. From the survival analysis, patients with <i>E. coli</i> had a higher survival rate. Conclusions: The authors stress the importance of the implementation of large community-level programs to prevent <i>E. coli</i> bacteremia. <i>K. pneumoniae</i> and <i>E. coli</i> susceptibility patterns to antibiotics, including in the prescription patterns of general practitioners, suggest that the local surveillance and implementation of educational programs remain essential measures to slow down the spread of resistance and, consequently, increase the antibiotic lifespan.Paola Di CarloNicola SerraSofia Lo SauroVincenza Maria CarelliMaurizio GiarratanaJuan Camilo SignorelloAlessandro LucchesiGiuseppe MantaMaria Santa NapolitanoTeresa ReaAntonio CascioConsolato Maria SergiAnna GiammancoTeresa FascianaMDPI AGarticlebacteriasurvival timeMDRinfectionTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntibiotics, Vol 10, Iss 1402, p 1402 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bacteria survival time MDR infection Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	bacteria survival time MDR infection Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Paola Di Carlo Nicola Serra Sofia Lo Sauro Vincenza Maria Carelli Maurizio Giarratana Juan Camilo Signorello Alessandro Lucchesi Giuseppe Manta Maria Santa Napolitano Teresa Rea Antonio Cascio Consolato Maria Sergi Anna Giammanco Teresa Fasciana Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy
description	Background: Blood culturing remains the mainstream tool to inform an appropriate treatment in hospital-acquired bloodstream infections and to diagnose any bacteremia. Methods: A retrospective investigation on the prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) and their resistance in hospitalized patients by age, sex, and units from blood cultures (BCs) was conducted from January 2018 to April 2020 at Sant’Elia hospital, Caltanissetta, southern Italy. We divided the patient age range into four equal intervals. Results: Multivariate demographic and microbiological variables did not show an association between bacteria distributions and gender and age. The distribution by units showed a higher prevalence of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in the intensive care unit (ICU) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> in the non-intensive care units (non-ICUs). The analysis of antibiotic resistance showed that <i>E. coli</i> was susceptible to a large class of antibiotics such as carbapenem and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. <i>K. pneumoniae</i> showed a significant susceptibility to colistin, tigecycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. From the survival analysis, patients with <i>E. coli</i> had a higher survival rate. Conclusions: The authors stress the importance of the implementation of large community-level programs to prevent <i>E. coli</i> bacteremia. <i>K. pneumoniae</i> and <i>E. coli</i> susceptibility patterns to antibiotics, including in the prescription patterns of general practitioners, suggest that the local surveillance and implementation of educational programs remain essential measures to slow down the spread of resistance and, consequently, increase the antibiotic lifespan.
format	article
author	Paola Di Carlo Nicola Serra Sofia Lo Sauro Vincenza Maria Carelli Maurizio Giarratana Juan Camilo Signorello Alessandro Lucchesi Giuseppe Manta Maria Santa Napolitano Teresa Rea Antonio Cascio Consolato Maria Sergi Anna Giammanco Teresa Fasciana
author_facet	Paola Di Carlo Nicola Serra Sofia Lo Sauro Vincenza Maria Carelli Maurizio Giarratana Juan Camilo Signorello Alessandro Lucchesi Giuseppe Manta Maria Santa Napolitano Teresa Rea Antonio Cascio Consolato Maria Sergi Anna Giammanco Teresa Fasciana
author_sort	Paola Di Carlo
title	Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy
title_short	Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy
title_full	Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy
title_fullStr	Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy
title_full_unstemmed	Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy
title_sort	epidemiology and pattern of resistance of gram-negative bacteria isolated from blood samples in hospitalized patients: a single center retrospective analysis from southern italy
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ba52cba5e26b4f198ad62f01da0ab54d
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Epidemiology and Pattern of Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Blood Samples in Hospitalized Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis from Southern Italy

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