Biomolecular regulation, composition and nanoarchitecture of bone mineral

Abstract Tough natural nanocomposites like bone, nacre and sea sponges contain within their hierarchy, a mineral (phosphate, silicate or carbonate) phase that interacts with an organic phase. In bone, the role of mineral ultrastructure (organization, morphology, composition) is crucial to the mechan...

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Autores principales:	Atharva A. Poundarik, Adele Boskey, Caren Gundberg, Deepak Vashishth
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ba735b32b1ee48618c1fcff3fa72aeec
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ba735b32b1ee48618c1fcff3fa72aeec2021-12-02T15:08:25ZBiomolecular regulation, composition and nanoarchitecture of bone mineral10.1038/s41598-018-19253-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ba735b32b1ee48618c1fcff3fa72aeec2018-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-19253-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Tough natural nanocomposites like bone, nacre and sea sponges contain within their hierarchy, a mineral (phosphate, silicate or carbonate) phase that interacts with an organic phase. In bone, the role of mineral ultrastructure (organization, morphology, composition) is crucial to the mechanical and biological properties of the tissue. Better understanding of mineral interaction with the organic matrix, in particular non-collagenous proteins, osteocalcin (OC) and osteopontin (OPN), can lead to better design of biomimetic materials. Using small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS) on single (OC−/− and OPN−/−) and double (OC-OPN−/−;−/−) genetic knockout mice bones, we demonstrate that both osteocalcin and osteopontin have specific roles in the biomolecular regulation of mineral in bone and together they are major determinants of the quality of bone mineral. Specifically, for the first time, we show that proteins osteocalcin and osteopontin regulate bone mineral crystal size and organization in a codependent manner, while they independently determine crystal shape. We found that OC is more dominant in the regulation of the physical properties of bone mineral, while OPN is more dominant in the regulation of the mineral composition.Atharva A. PoundarikAdele BoskeyCaren GundbergDeepak VashishthNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Atharva A. Poundarik Adele Boskey Caren Gundberg Deepak Vashishth Biomolecular regulation, composition and nanoarchitecture of bone mineral
description	Abstract Tough natural nanocomposites like bone, nacre and sea sponges contain within their hierarchy, a mineral (phosphate, silicate or carbonate) phase that interacts with an organic phase. In bone, the role of mineral ultrastructure (organization, morphology, composition) is crucial to the mechanical and biological properties of the tissue. Better understanding of mineral interaction with the organic matrix, in particular non-collagenous proteins, osteocalcin (OC) and osteopontin (OPN), can lead to better design of biomimetic materials. Using small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS) on single (OC−/− and OPN−/−) and double (OC-OPN−/−;−/−) genetic knockout mice bones, we demonstrate that both osteocalcin and osteopontin have specific roles in the biomolecular regulation of mineral in bone and together they are major determinants of the quality of bone mineral. Specifically, for the first time, we show that proteins osteocalcin and osteopontin regulate bone mineral crystal size and organization in a codependent manner, while they independently determine crystal shape. We found that OC is more dominant in the regulation of the physical properties of bone mineral, while OPN is more dominant in the regulation of the mineral composition.
format	article
author	Atharva A. Poundarik Adele Boskey Caren Gundberg Deepak Vashishth
author_facet	Atharva A. Poundarik Adele Boskey Caren Gundberg Deepak Vashishth
author_sort	Atharva A. Poundarik
title	Biomolecular regulation, composition and nanoarchitecture of bone mineral
title_short	Biomolecular regulation, composition and nanoarchitecture of bone mineral
title_full	Biomolecular regulation, composition and nanoarchitecture of bone mineral
title_fullStr	Biomolecular regulation, composition and nanoarchitecture of bone mineral
title_full_unstemmed	Biomolecular regulation, composition and nanoarchitecture of bone mineral
title_sort	biomolecular regulation, composition and nanoarchitecture of bone mineral
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/ba735b32b1ee48618c1fcff3fa72aeec
work_keys_str_mv	AT atharvaapoundarik biomolecularregulationcompositionandnanoarchitectureofbonemineral AT adeleboskey biomolecularregulationcompositionandnanoarchitectureofbonemineral AT carengundberg biomolecularregulationcompositionandnanoarchitectureofbonemineral AT deepakvashishth biomolecularregulationcompositionandnanoarchitectureofbonemineral
_version_	1718388146106793984

Biomolecular regulation, composition and nanoarchitecture of bone mineral

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