Chamelea gallina reproductive biology and Minimum Conservation Reference Size: implications for fishery management in the Adriatic Sea

Abstract Background The striped venus clam Chamelea gallina is an economically important species in Adriatic Sea fisheries. The use of hydraulic dredging for its catch has a long history in Italy and its management faced several stages of development in the last 40 years. A great effort has been mad...

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Autores principales:	Giada Bargione, Fortunata Donato, Giulio Barone, Massimo Virgili, Pierluigi Penna, Alessandro Lucchetti
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Chamelea gallina Reproductive cycle Sexual maturity Partial fecundity Minimum Conservation Reference Size (MCRS) Fishery management Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ba9dbf9f9226434dbe96483ecb44513c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ba9dbf9f9226434dbe96483ecb44513c2021-11-28T12:10:08ZChamelea gallina reproductive biology and Minimum Conservation Reference Size: implications for fishery management in the Adriatic Sea10.1186/s40850-021-00096-42056-3132https://doaj.org/article/ba9dbf9f9226434dbe96483ecb44513c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40850-021-00096-4https://doaj.org/toc/2056-3132Abstract Background The striped venus clam Chamelea gallina is an economically important species in Adriatic Sea fisheries. The use of hydraulic dredging for its catch has a long history in Italy and its management faced several stages of development in the last 40 years. A great effort has been made in the past two decades to move from poorly or weakly managed fisheries to a well-structured co-management system to improve the sustainability of this fishery. However, a prerequisite for appropriate resource management is a sound knowledge of the biology and reproductive strategy of the species. Results We investigated three major biological features– the gametogenic cycle, size at sexual maturity and partial fecundity – by microscopic, histological and video analysis techniques. We demonstrated that its breeding season is driven by rises in seawater temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration and that its spawning period lasted from March to September. Size at sexual maturity was reached very early in the life cycle. As regards partial fecundity – the number of mature oocytes potentially released by females with ripe gonads in a single release event – varied in relation to size. Nevertheless, the reduction on the Minimum Conservation Reference Size (MCRS) from 25 to 22 mm (Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/2237) lead to a 40% reduction in the number of emitted eggs. Conclusions We suggest that the ability of Adriatic clam stocks to withstand the strong fishing pressure of the past 40 years and the present one is due to their high reproductive potential and multiple spawning events combined with the effect of management measures (closed areas/seasons, quota, MCRS) and technical constraints on the gear and the sieve on board. Moreover, since the reduced MCRS for Venus shells is still larger than the size at maturity, it will probably not be detrimental to the reproductive capacity of the stock.Giada BargioneFortunata DonatoGiulio BaroneMassimo VirgiliPierluigi PennaAlessandro LucchettiBMCarticleChamelea gallinaReproductive cycleSexual maturityPartial fecundityMinimum Conservation Reference Size (MCRS)Fishery managementZoologyQL1-991ENBMC Zoology, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Chamelea gallina Reproductive cycle Sexual maturity Partial fecundity Minimum Conservation Reference Size (MCRS) Fishery management Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	Chamelea gallina Reproductive cycle Sexual maturity Partial fecundity Minimum Conservation Reference Size (MCRS) Fishery management Zoology QL1-991 Giada Bargione Fortunata Donato Giulio Barone Massimo Virgili Pierluigi Penna Alessandro Lucchetti Chamelea gallina reproductive biology and Minimum Conservation Reference Size: implications for fishery management in the Adriatic Sea
description	Abstract Background The striped venus clam Chamelea gallina is an economically important species in Adriatic Sea fisheries. The use of hydraulic dredging for its catch has a long history in Italy and its management faced several stages of development in the last 40 years. A great effort has been made in the past two decades to move from poorly or weakly managed fisheries to a well-structured co-management system to improve the sustainability of this fishery. However, a prerequisite for appropriate resource management is a sound knowledge of the biology and reproductive strategy of the species. Results We investigated three major biological features– the gametogenic cycle, size at sexual maturity and partial fecundity – by microscopic, histological and video analysis techniques. We demonstrated that its breeding season is driven by rises in seawater temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration and that its spawning period lasted from March to September. Size at sexual maturity was reached very early in the life cycle. As regards partial fecundity – the number of mature oocytes potentially released by females with ripe gonads in a single release event – varied in relation to size. Nevertheless, the reduction on the Minimum Conservation Reference Size (MCRS) from 25 to 22 mm (Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/2237) lead to a 40% reduction in the number of emitted eggs. Conclusions We suggest that the ability of Adriatic clam stocks to withstand the strong fishing pressure of the past 40 years and the present one is due to their high reproductive potential and multiple spawning events combined with the effect of management measures (closed areas/seasons, quota, MCRS) and technical constraints on the gear and the sieve on board. Moreover, since the reduced MCRS for Venus shells is still larger than the size at maturity, it will probably not be detrimental to the reproductive capacity of the stock.
format	article
author	Giada Bargione Fortunata Donato Giulio Barone Massimo Virgili Pierluigi Penna Alessandro Lucchetti
author_facet	Giada Bargione Fortunata Donato Giulio Barone Massimo Virgili Pierluigi Penna Alessandro Lucchetti
author_sort	Giada Bargione
title	Chamelea gallina reproductive biology and Minimum Conservation Reference Size: implications for fishery management in the Adriatic Sea
title_short	Chamelea gallina reproductive biology and Minimum Conservation Reference Size: implications for fishery management in the Adriatic Sea
title_full	Chamelea gallina reproductive biology and Minimum Conservation Reference Size: implications for fishery management in the Adriatic Sea
title_fullStr	Chamelea gallina reproductive biology and Minimum Conservation Reference Size: implications for fishery management in the Adriatic Sea
title_full_unstemmed	Chamelea gallina reproductive biology and Minimum Conservation Reference Size: implications for fishery management in the Adriatic Sea
title_sort	chamelea gallina reproductive biology and minimum conservation reference size: implications for fishery management in the adriatic sea
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ba9dbf9f9226434dbe96483ecb44513c
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Chamelea gallina reproductive biology and Minimum Conservation Reference Size: implications for fishery management in the Adriatic Sea

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