Evolutionarily Established Palmitoylation-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms of the Vertebrate Glutamatergic Synapse and Diseases Caused by Their Disruption

Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain and various modifications have been established in the glutamatergic synapses. Generally, many neuronal receptors and ion channels are regulated by S-palmitoylation, a reversible post-translational protein modification. Genom...

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Autor principal:	Takashi Hayashi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	palmitoylation glutamate receptor (GluR) PDZ protein excitatory synapse vertebrate eutherian Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bad002aed5344065baba326cb8a557d0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bad002aed5344065baba326cb8a557d02021-11-15T06:55:51ZEvolutionarily Established Palmitoylation-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms of the Vertebrate Glutamatergic Synapse and Diseases Caused by Their Disruption1662-509910.3389/fnmol.2021.796912https://doaj.org/article/bad002aed5344065baba326cb8a557d02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2021.796912/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-5099Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain and various modifications have been established in the glutamatergic synapses. Generally, many neuronal receptors and ion channels are regulated by S-palmitoylation, a reversible post-translational protein modification. Genome sequence databases show the evolutionary acquisition and conservation concerning vertebrate-specific palmitoylation of synaptic proteins including glutamate receptors. Moreover, palmitoylation of some glutamate receptor-binding proteins is subsequently acquired only in some mammalian lineages. Recent progress in genome studies has revealed that some palmitoylation-catalyzing enzymes are the causative genes of neuropsychiatric disorders. In this review, I will summarize the evolutionary development of palmitoylation-dependent regulation of glutamatergic synapses and their dysfunctions which are caused by the disruption of palmitoylation mechanism.Takashi HayashiFrontiers Media S.A.articlepalmitoylationglutamate receptor (GluR)PDZ proteinexcitatory synapsevertebrateeutherianNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Vol 14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	palmitoylation glutamate receptor (GluR) PDZ protein excitatory synapse vertebrate eutherian Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	palmitoylation glutamate receptor (GluR) PDZ protein excitatory synapse vertebrate eutherian Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Takashi Hayashi Evolutionarily Established Palmitoylation-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms of the Vertebrate Glutamatergic Synapse and Diseases Caused by Their Disruption
description	Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain and various modifications have been established in the glutamatergic synapses. Generally, many neuronal receptors and ion channels are regulated by S-palmitoylation, a reversible post-translational protein modification. Genome sequence databases show the evolutionary acquisition and conservation concerning vertebrate-specific palmitoylation of synaptic proteins including glutamate receptors. Moreover, palmitoylation of some glutamate receptor-binding proteins is subsequently acquired only in some mammalian lineages. Recent progress in genome studies has revealed that some palmitoylation-catalyzing enzymes are the causative genes of neuropsychiatric disorders. In this review, I will summarize the evolutionary development of palmitoylation-dependent regulation of glutamatergic synapses and their dysfunctions which are caused by the disruption of palmitoylation mechanism.
format	article
author	Takashi Hayashi
author_facet	Takashi Hayashi
author_sort	Takashi Hayashi
title	Evolutionarily Established Palmitoylation-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms of the Vertebrate Glutamatergic Synapse and Diseases Caused by Their Disruption
title_short	Evolutionarily Established Palmitoylation-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms of the Vertebrate Glutamatergic Synapse and Diseases Caused by Their Disruption
title_full	Evolutionarily Established Palmitoylation-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms of the Vertebrate Glutamatergic Synapse and Diseases Caused by Their Disruption
title_fullStr	Evolutionarily Established Palmitoylation-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms of the Vertebrate Glutamatergic Synapse and Diseases Caused by Their Disruption
title_full_unstemmed	Evolutionarily Established Palmitoylation-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms of the Vertebrate Glutamatergic Synapse and Diseases Caused by Their Disruption
title_sort	evolutionarily established palmitoylation-dependent regulatory mechanisms of the vertebrate glutamatergic synapse and diseases caused by their disruption
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/bad002aed5344065baba326cb8a557d0
work_keys_str_mv	AT takashihayashi evolutionarilyestablishedpalmitoylationdependentregulatorymechanismsofthevertebrateglutamatergicsynapseanddiseasescausedbytheirdisruption
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Evolutionarily Established Palmitoylation-Dependent Regulatory Mechanisms of the Vertebrate Glutamatergic Synapse and Diseases Caused by Their Disruption

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