Modulation of antimicrobial host defense peptide gene expression by free fatty acids.

Routine use of antibiotics at subtherapeutic levels in animal feed drives the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Development of antibiotic-alternative approaches to disease control and prevention for food animals is imperatively needed. Previously, we showed that butyrate, a major species of sho...

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Autores principales:	Lakshmi T Sunkara, Weiyu Jiang, Guolong Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/bb07ce741b1d4ec183c5e517fd753731
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:bb07ce741b1d4ec183c5e517fd7537312021-11-18T08:08:33ZModulation of antimicrobial host defense peptide gene expression by free fatty acids.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0049558https://doaj.org/article/bb07ce741b1d4ec183c5e517fd7537312012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23166711/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Routine use of antibiotics at subtherapeutic levels in animal feed drives the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Development of antibiotic-alternative approaches to disease control and prevention for food animals is imperatively needed. Previously, we showed that butyrate, a major species of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) fermented from undigested fiber by intestinal microflora, is a potent inducer of endogenous antimicrobial host defense peptide (HDP) genes in the chicken (PLoS One 2011, 6: e27225). In the present study, we further revealed that, in chicken HD11 macrophages and primary monocytes, induction of HDPs is largely in an inverse correlation with the aliphatic hydrocarbon chain length of free fatty acids, with SCFAs being the most potent, medium-chain fatty acids moderate and long-chain fatty acids marginal. Additionally, three SCFAs, namely acetate, propionate, and butyrate, exerted a strong synergy in augmenting HDP gene expression in chicken cells. Consistently, supplementation of chickens with a combination of three SCFAs in water resulted in a further reduction of Salmonella enteritidis in the cecum as compared to feeding of individual SCFAs. More importantly, free fatty acids enhanced HDP gene expression without triggering proinflammatory interleukin-1β production. Taken together, oral supplementation of SCFAs is capable of boosting host immunity and disease resistance, with potential for infectious disease control and prevention in animal agriculture without relying on antibiotics.Lakshmi T SunkaraWeiyu JiangGuolong ZhangPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e49558 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Lakshmi T Sunkara Weiyu Jiang Guolong Zhang Modulation of antimicrobial host defense peptide gene expression by free fatty acids.
description	Routine use of antibiotics at subtherapeutic levels in animal feed drives the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Development of antibiotic-alternative approaches to disease control and prevention for food animals is imperatively needed. Previously, we showed that butyrate, a major species of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) fermented from undigested fiber by intestinal microflora, is a potent inducer of endogenous antimicrobial host defense peptide (HDP) genes in the chicken (PLoS One 2011, 6: e27225). In the present study, we further revealed that, in chicken HD11 macrophages and primary monocytes, induction of HDPs is largely in an inverse correlation with the aliphatic hydrocarbon chain length of free fatty acids, with SCFAs being the most potent, medium-chain fatty acids moderate and long-chain fatty acids marginal. Additionally, three SCFAs, namely acetate, propionate, and butyrate, exerted a strong synergy in augmenting HDP gene expression in chicken cells. Consistently, supplementation of chickens with a combination of three SCFAs in water resulted in a further reduction of Salmonella enteritidis in the cecum as compared to feeding of individual SCFAs. More importantly, free fatty acids enhanced HDP gene expression without triggering proinflammatory interleukin-1β production. Taken together, oral supplementation of SCFAs is capable of boosting host immunity and disease resistance, with potential for infectious disease control and prevention in animal agriculture without relying on antibiotics.
format	article
author	Lakshmi T Sunkara Weiyu Jiang Guolong Zhang
author_facet	Lakshmi T Sunkara Weiyu Jiang Guolong Zhang
author_sort	Lakshmi T Sunkara
title	Modulation of antimicrobial host defense peptide gene expression by free fatty acids.
title_short	Modulation of antimicrobial host defense peptide gene expression by free fatty acids.
title_full	Modulation of antimicrobial host defense peptide gene expression by free fatty acids.
title_fullStr	Modulation of antimicrobial host defense peptide gene expression by free fatty acids.
title_full_unstemmed	Modulation of antimicrobial host defense peptide gene expression by free fatty acids.
title_sort	modulation of antimicrobial host defense peptide gene expression by free fatty acids.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/bb07ce741b1d4ec183c5e517fd753731
work_keys_str_mv	AT lakshmitsunkara modulationofantimicrobialhostdefensepeptidegeneexpressionbyfreefattyacids AT weiyujiang modulationofantimicrobialhostdefensepeptidegeneexpressionbyfreefattyacids AT guolongzhang modulationofantimicrobialhostdefensepeptidegeneexpressionbyfreefattyacids
_version_	1718422190868660224

Modulation of antimicrobial host defense peptide gene expression by free fatty acids.

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